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CAT 2022 Slot 3 question paper with answer key

This is the complete CAT 2022 Slot 3 question paper with answer key and solutions — 66 questions across VARC, DILR, QA, 2h with sectional timers. Three sequential sections with sectional timers. MCQ negative marking; TITA has none. Browse the full paper free here; attempting it under timed conditions on MBACracked requires Pro.

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VARC(24 questions)

Q1Reading Comprehension·Inference

The passage below is accompanied by a set of questions. Choose the best answer to each question. Passage - I Sociologists working in the Chicago School tradition have focused on how rapid or dramatic social change causes increases in crime. Just as Durkheim, Marx, Toennies, and other European sociologists thought that the rapid changes produced by industrialization and urbanization produced crime and disorder, so too did the Chicago School theorists. The location of the University of Chicago provided an excellent opportunity for Park, Burgess, and McKenzie to study the social ecology of the city. Shaw and McKay found . . . that areas of the city characterized by high levels of social disorganization had higher rates of crime and delinquency. In the 1920s and 1930s Chicago, like many American cities, experienced considerable immigration. Rapid population growth is a disorganizing influence, but growth resulting from in-migration of very different people is particularly disruptive. Chicago‘s in-migrants were both native-born whites and blacks from rural areas and small towns, and foreign immigrants. The heavy industry of cities like Chicago, Detroit, and Pittsburgh drew those seeking opportunities and new lives. Farmers and villagers from America‘s hinterland, like their European cousins of whom Durkheim wrote, moved in large numbers into cities. At the start of the twentieth century, Americans were predominately a rural population, but by the century‘s mid-point most lived in urban areas. The social lives of these migrants, as well as those already living in the cities they moved to, were disrupted by the differences between urban and rural life. According to social disorganization theory, until the social ecology of the “new place” can adapt, this rapid change is a criminogenic influence. But most rural migrants, and even many of the foreign immigrants to the city, looked like and eventually spoke the same language as the natives of the cities into which they moved. These similarities allowed for more rapid social integration for these migrants than was the case for African Americans and most foreign immigrants. In these same decades America experienced what has been called “the great migration”: the massive movement of African Americans out of the rural South and into northern (and some southern) cities. The scale of this migration is one of the most dramatic in human history. These migrants, unlike their white counterparts, were not integrated into the cities they now called home. In fact, most American cities at the end of the twentieth century were characterized by high levels of racial residential segregation... Failure to integrate these migrants, coupled with other forces of social disorganization such as crowding, poverty, and illness, caused crime rates to climb in the cities, particularly in the segregated wards and neighborhoods where the migrants were forced to live. Foreign immigrants during this period did not look as dramatically different from the rest of the population as blacks did, but the migrants from eastern and southern Europe who came to American cities did not speak English, and were frequently Catholic, while the native born were mostly Protestant. The combination of rapid population growth with the diversity of those moving into the cities created what the Chicago School sociologists called social disorganization.

Which one of the following is not a valid inference from the passage?

  • AThe differences between urban and rural lifestyles were crucial factors in the disruption experienced by migrants to American cities.
  • BThe failure to integrate in-migrants, along with social problems like poverty, was a significant reason for the rise in crime in American cities.
  • CAccording to social disorganisation theory, fast-paced social change provides fertile ground for the rapid growth of crime.
  • DAccording to social disorganisation theory, the social integration of African American migrants into Chicago was slower because they were less organised.Correct answer

Answer: D

Show explanation
Answer:D Invalid inference: slower African American integration is tied to racism, segregation, and rural–urban transition—not to migrants being “less organised.” D invents that cause. Why the others fail: • A — Rural vs urban lifestyle clash is named as disruptive for in-migrants. • B — Failed integration plus poverty/disorganisation link to higher crime is core Chicago School. • C — Fast change as fertile ground for crime is the opening thesis.
Q2Reading Comprehension·Inference

The passage below is accompanied by a set of questions. Choose the best answer to each question. Passage - I Sociologists working in the Chicago School tradition have focused on how rapid or dramatic social change causes increases in crime. Just as Durkheim, Marx, Toennies, and other European sociologists thought that the rapid changes produced by industrialization and urbanization produced crime and disorder, so too did the Chicago School theorists. The location of the University of Chicago provided an excellent opportunity for Park, Burgess, and McKenzie to study the social ecology of the city. Shaw and McKay found . . . that areas of the city characterized by high levels of social disorganization had higher rates of crime and delinquency. In the 1920s and 1930s Chicago, like many American cities, experienced considerable immigration. Rapid population growth is a disorganizing influence, but growth resulting from in-migration of very different people is particularly disruptive. Chicago‘s in-migrants were both native-born whites and blacks from rural areas and small towns, and foreign immigrants. The heavy industry of cities like Chicago, Detroit, and Pittsburgh drew those seeking opportunities and new lives. Farmers and villagers from America‘s hinterland, like their European cousins of whom Durkheim wrote, moved in large numbers into cities. At the start of the twentieth century, Americans were predominately a rural population, but by the century‘s mid-point most lived in urban areas. The social lives of these migrants, as well as those already living in the cities they moved to, were disrupted by the differences between urban and rural life. According to social disorganization theory, until the social ecology of the “new place” can adapt, this rapid change is a criminogenic influence. But most rural migrants, and even many of the foreign immigrants to the city, looked like and eventually spoke the same language as the natives of the cities into which they moved. These similarities allowed for more rapid social integration for these migrants than was the case for African Americans and most foreign immigrants. In these same decades America experienced what has been called “the great migration”: the massive movement of African Americans out of the rural South and into northern (and some southern) cities. The scale of this migration is one of the most dramatic in human history. These migrants, unlike their white counterparts, were not integrated into the cities they now called home. In fact, most American cities at the end of the twentieth century were characterized by high levels of racial residential segregation... Failure to integrate these migrants, coupled with other forces of social disorganization such as crowding, poverty, and illness, caused crime rates to climb in the cities, particularly in the segregated wards and neighborhoods where the migrants were forced to live. Foreign immigrants during this period did not look as dramatically different from the rest of the population as blacks did, but the migrants from eastern and southern Europe who came to American cities did not speak English, and were frequently Catholic, while the native born were mostly Protestant. The combination of rapid population growth with the diversity of those moving into the cities created what the Chicago School sociologists called social disorganization.

Which one of the following sets of words/phrases best encapsulates the issues discussed in the passage?

  • AChicago School; Native-born Whites; European immigrants; Poverty
  • BDurkheim; Marx; Toennies; Shaw
  • CRapid population growth; Heavy industry; Segregation; Crime
  • DChicago School; Social organisation; Migration; CrimeCorrect answer

Answer: D

Show explanation
Answer:D Keywords: Chicago School, social (dis)organisation, migration, crime—the essay’s spine. Why the others fail: • A — Overweights one migrant category and poverty alone. • B — Name-drops theorists without the organisation/migration/crime frame. • C — Industry/segregation appear, but miss the Chicago School label.
Q3Reading Comprehension·Inference

The passage below is accompanied by a set of questions. Choose the best answer to each question. Passage - I Sociologists working in the Chicago School tradition have focused on how rapid or dramatic social change causes increases in crime. Just as Durkheim, Marx, Toennies, and other European sociologists thought that the rapid changes produced by industrialization and urbanization produced crime and disorder, so too did the Chicago School theorists. The location of the University of Chicago provided an excellent opportunity for Park, Burgess, and McKenzie to study the social ecology of the city. Shaw and McKay found . . . that areas of the city characterized by high levels of social disorganization had higher rates of crime and delinquency. In the 1920s and 1930s Chicago, like many American cities, experienced considerable immigration. Rapid population growth is a disorganizing influence, but growth resulting from in-migration of very different people is particularly disruptive. Chicago‘s in-migrants were both native-born whites and blacks from rural areas and small towns, and foreign immigrants. The heavy industry of cities like Chicago, Detroit, and Pittsburgh drew those seeking opportunities and new lives. Farmers and villagers from America‘s hinterland, like their European cousins of whom Durkheim wrote, moved in large numbers into cities. At the start of the twentieth century, Americans were predominately a rural population, but by the century‘s mid-point most lived in urban areas. The social lives of these migrants, as well as those already living in the cities they moved to, were disrupted by the differences between urban and rural life. According to social disorganization theory, until the social ecology of the “new place” can adapt, this rapid change is a criminogenic influence. But most rural migrants, and even many of the foreign immigrants to the city, looked like and eventually spoke the same language as the natives of the cities into which they moved. These similarities allowed for more rapid social integration for these migrants than was the case for African Americans and most foreign immigrants. In these same decades America experienced what has been called “the great migration”: the massive movement of African Americans out of the rural South and into northern (and some southern) cities. The scale of this migration is one of the most dramatic in human history. These migrants, unlike their white counterparts, were not integrated into the cities they now called home. In fact, most American cities at the end of the twentieth century were characterized by high levels of racial residential segregation... Failure to integrate these migrants, coupled with other forces of social disorganization such as crowding, poverty, and illness, caused crime rates to climb in the cities, particularly in the segregated wards and neighborhoods where the migrants were forced to live. Foreign immigrants during this period did not look as dramatically different from the rest of the population as blacks did, but the migrants from eastern and southern Europe who came to American cities did not speak English, and were frequently Catholic, while the native born were mostly Protestant. The combination of rapid population growth with the diversity of those moving into the cities created what the Chicago School sociologists called social disorganization.

The author notes that, “At the start of the twentieth century, Americans were predominately a rural population, but by the century‘s mid-point most lived in urban areas.” Which one of the following statements, if true, does not contradict this statement?

  • ADemographic transition in America in the twentieth century is strongly marked by an out-migration from rural areas.Correct answer
  • BEconomists have found that throughout the twentieth century, the size of the labour force in America has always been largest in rural areas.
  • CA population census conducted in 1952 showed that more Americans lived in rural areas than in urban ones.
  • DThe estimation of per capita income in America in the mid-twentieth century primarily required data from rural areas.

Answer: A

Show explanation
Answer:A Does not contradict rural→urban majority by mid-century: strong out-migration from rural areas fits that demographic transition. Why the others fail: • B — Largest rural labour force all century fights urban majority. • C — 1952 rural majority directly contradicts mid-century urban majority. • D — Primarily rural income data implies rural dominance, clashing with the claim.
Q4Reading Comprehension·Specific Detail

The passage below is accompanied by a set of questions. Choose the best answer to each question. Passage - I Sociologists working in the Chicago School tradition have focused on how rapid or dramatic social change causes increases in crime. Just as Durkheim, Marx, Toennies, and other European sociologists thought that the rapid changes produced by industrialization and urbanization produced crime and disorder, so too did the Chicago School theorists. The location of the University of Chicago provided an excellent opportunity for Park, Burgess, and McKenzie to study the social ecology of the city. Shaw and McKay found . . . that areas of the city characterized by high levels of social disorganization had higher rates of crime and delinquency. In the 1920s and 1930s Chicago, like many American cities, experienced considerable immigration. Rapid population growth is a disorganizing influence, but growth resulting from in-migration of very different people is particularly disruptive. Chicago‘s in-migrants were both native-born whites and blacks from rural areas and small towns, and foreign immigrants. The heavy industry of cities like Chicago, Detroit, and Pittsburgh drew those seeking opportunities and new lives. Farmers and villagers from America‘s hinterland, like their European cousins of whom Durkheim wrote, moved in large numbers into cities. At the start of the twentieth century, Americans were predominately a rural population, but by the century‘s mid-point most lived in urban areas. The social lives of these migrants, as well as those already living in the cities they moved to, were disrupted by the differences between urban and rural life. According to social disorganization theory, until the social ecology of the “new place” can adapt, this rapid change is a criminogenic influence. But most rural migrants, and even many of the foreign immigrants to the city, looked like and eventually spoke the same language as the natives of the cities into which they moved. These similarities allowed for more rapid social integration for these migrants than was the case for African Americans and most foreign immigrants. In these same decades America experienced what has been called “the great migration”: the massive movement of African Americans out of the rural South and into northern (and some southern) cities. The scale of this migration is one of the most dramatic in human history. These migrants, unlike their white counterparts, were not integrated into the cities they now called home. In fact, most American cities at the end of the twentieth century were characterized by high levels of racial residential segregation... Failure to integrate these migrants, coupled with other forces of social disorganization such as crowding, poverty, and illness, caused crime rates to climb in the cities, particularly in the segregated wards and neighborhoods where the migrants were forced to live. Foreign immigrants during this period did not look as dramatically different from the rest of the population as blacks did, but the migrants from eastern and southern Europe who came to American cities did not speak English, and were frequently Catholic, while the native born were mostly Protestant. The combination of rapid population growth with the diversity of those moving into the cities created what the Chicago School sociologists called social disorganization.

A fundamental conclusion by the author is that:

  • Athe best circumstances for crime to flourish are when there are severe racial disparities.
  • Bto prevent crime, it is important to maintain social order through maintaining social segregation.
  • Caccording to European sociologists, crime in America is mainly in Chicago.
  • Drapid population growth and demographic diversity give rise to social disorganisation that can feed the growth of crimeCorrect answer

Answer: D

Show explanation
Answer:D Fundamental conclusion: rapid growth plus demographic diversity → social disorganisation → crime growth. Why the others fail: • A — Racial disparity is a factor, not framed as the “best circumstances” sole conclusion. • B — Segregation is a problem in the account, not a crime-prevention prescription. • C — European theorists aren’t said to locate American crime mainly in Chicago.
Q5Reading Comprehension·Inference

The passage below is accompanied by a set of questions. Choose the best answer to each question. Passage - I Sociologists working in the Chicago School tradition have focused on how rapid or dramatic social change causes increases in crime. Just as Durkheim, Marx, Toennies, and other European sociologists thought that the rapid changes produced by industrialization and urbanization produced crime and disorder, so too did the Chicago School theorists. The location of the University of Chicago provided an excellent opportunity for Park, Burgess, and McKenzie to study the social ecology of the city. Shaw and McKay found . . . that areas of the city characterized by high levels of social disorganization had higher rates of crime and delinquency. In the 1920s and 1930s Chicago, like many American cities, experienced considerable immigration. Rapid population growth is a disorganizing influence, but growth resulting from in-migration of very different people is particularly disruptive. Chicago‘s in-migrants were both native-born whites and blacks from rural areas and small towns, and foreign immigrants. The heavy industry of cities like Chicago, Detroit, and Pittsburgh drew those seeking opportunities and new lives. Farmers and villagers from America‘s hinterland, like their European cousins of whom Durkheim wrote, moved in large numbers into cities. At the start of the twentieth century, Americans were predominately a rural population, but by the century‘s mid-point most lived in urban areas. The social lives of these migrants, as well as those already living in the cities they moved to, were disrupted by the differences between urban and rural life. According to social disorganization theory, until the social ecology of the “new place” can adapt, this rapid change is a criminogenic influence. But most rural migrants, and even many of the foreign immigrants to the city, looked like and eventually spoke the same language as the natives of the cities into which they moved. These similarities allowed for more rapid social integration for these migrants than was the case for African Americans and most foreign immigrants. In these same decades America experienced what has been called “the great migration”: the massive movement of African Americans out of the rural South and into northern (and some southern) cities. The scale of this migration is one of the most dramatic in human history. These migrants, unlike their white counterparts, were not integrated into the cities they now called home. In fact, most American cities at the end of the twentieth century were characterized by high levels of racial residential segregation... Failure to integrate these migrants, coupled with other forces of social disorganization such as crowding, poverty, and illness, caused crime rates to climb in the cities, particularly in the segregated wards and neighborhoods where the migrants were forced to live. Foreign immigrants during this period did not look as dramatically different from the rest of the population as blacks did, but the migrants from eastern and southern Europe who came to American cities did not speak English, and were frequently Catholic, while the native born were mostly Protestant. The combination of rapid population growth with the diversity of those moving into the cities created what the Chicago School sociologists called social disorganization.

In the Ebola misdiagnosis case, we can infer that doctors probably missed the forest for the trees because:

  • Athey were led by the data processed by digital templates.Correct answer
  • Bthe digital templates forced them to acquire tunnel vision.
  • Cthe data collected were not sufficient for appropriate triage.
  • Dthey used the wrong type of digital templates for the case.

Answer: A

Show explanation
Answer:A Ebola miss: clinicians followed digital-template prompts/data instead of wider clinical judgment—“missed the forest for the trees” because software-led data processing steered them. Why the others fail: • B — “Forced tunnel vision” is harsher than the passage’s short-circuit-via-aid story. • C — Problem wasn’t insufficient data volume but over-assisted interpretation. • D — Wrong template type isn’t the inferred mechanism.
Q6Reading Comprehension·Inference

The passage below is accompanied by a set of questions. Choose the best answer to each question. Passage - I Sociologists working in the Chicago School tradition have focused on how rapid or dramatic social change causes increases in crime. Just as Durkheim, Marx, Toennies, and other European sociologists thought that the rapid changes produced by industrialization and urbanization produced crime and disorder, so too did the Chicago School theorists. The location of the University of Chicago provided an excellent opportunity for Park, Burgess, and McKenzie to study the social ecology of the city. Shaw and McKay found . . . that areas of the city characterized by high levels of social disorganization had higher rates of crime and delinquency. In the 1920s and 1930s Chicago, like many American cities, experienced considerable immigration. Rapid population growth is a disorganizing influence, but growth resulting from in-migration of very different people is particularly disruptive. Chicago‘s in-migrants were both native-born whites and blacks from rural areas and small towns, and foreign immigrants. The heavy industry of cities like Chicago, Detroit, and Pittsburgh drew those seeking opportunities and new lives. Farmers and villagers from America‘s hinterland, like their European cousins of whom Durkheim wrote, moved in large numbers into cities. At the start of the twentieth century, Americans were predominately a rural population, but by the century‘s mid-point most lived in urban areas. The social lives of these migrants, as well as those already living in the cities they moved to, were disrupted by the differences between urban and rural life. According to social disorganization theory, until the social ecology of the “new place” can adapt, this rapid change is a criminogenic influence. But most rural migrants, and even many of the foreign immigrants to the city, looked like and eventually spoke the same language as the natives of the cities into which they moved. These similarities allowed for more rapid social integration for these migrants than was the case for African Americans and most foreign immigrants. In these same decades America experienced what has been called “the great migration”: the massive movement of African Americans out of the rural South and into northern (and some southern) cities. The scale of this migration is one of the most dramatic in human history. These migrants, unlike their white counterparts, were not integrated into the cities they now called home. In fact, most American cities at the end of the twentieth century were characterized by high levels of racial residential segregation... Failure to integrate these migrants, coupled with other forces of social disorganization such as crowding, poverty, and illness, caused crime rates to climb in the cities, particularly in the segregated wards and neighborhoods where the migrants were forced to live. Foreign immigrants during this period did not look as dramatically different from the rest of the population as blacks did, but the migrants from eastern and southern Europe who came to American cities did not speak English, and were frequently Catholic, while the native born were mostly Protestant. The combination of rapid population growth with the diversity of those moving into the cities created what the Chicago School sociologists called social disorganization.

It can be inferred that in the Utrecht University experiment, one group of people was “aimlessly clicking around” because:

  • Athey wanted to avoid making mistakes.
  • Bthey did not have the skill-set to address complicated tasks.
  • Cthey were hoping that the software would help carry out the tasks.Correct answer
  • Dthe other group was carrying out the tasks more efficiently

Answer: C

Show explanation
Answer:C Aimless clicking when stuck shows reliance on the fancy software to carry the task—hoping prompts would solve it. Why the others fail: • A — Avoiding mistakes isn’t the stated motive for clicking around. • B — Both groups faced hard tasks; skill gap isn’t the explanation given. • D — Other group’s efficiency isn’t why the advanced-software users clicked.
Q7Reading Comprehension·Inference

The passage below is accompanied by a set of questions. Choose the best answer to each question. Passage - I Sociologists working in the Chicago School tradition have focused on how rapid or dramatic social change causes increases in crime. Just as Durkheim, Marx, Toennies, and other European sociologists thought that the rapid changes produced by industrialization and urbanization produced crime and disorder, so too did the Chicago School theorists. The location of the University of Chicago provided an excellent opportunity for Park, Burgess, and McKenzie to study the social ecology of the city. Shaw and McKay found . . . that areas of the city characterized by high levels of social disorganization had higher rates of crime and delinquency. In the 1920s and 1930s Chicago, like many American cities, experienced considerable immigration. Rapid population growth is a disorganizing influence, but growth resulting from in-migration of very different people is particularly disruptive. Chicago‘s in-migrants were both native-born whites and blacks from rural areas and small towns, and foreign immigrants. The heavy industry of cities like Chicago, Detroit, and Pittsburgh drew those seeking opportunities and new lives. Farmers and villagers from America‘s hinterland, like their European cousins of whom Durkheim wrote, moved in large numbers into cities. At the start of the twentieth century, Americans were predominately a rural population, but by the century‘s mid-point most lived in urban areas. The social lives of these migrants, as well as those already living in the cities they moved to, were disrupted by the differences between urban and rural life. According to social disorganization theory, until the social ecology of the “new place” can adapt, this rapid change is a criminogenic influence. But most rural migrants, and even many of the foreign immigrants to the city, looked like and eventually spoke the same language as the natives of the cities into which they moved. These similarities allowed for more rapid social integration for these migrants than was the case for African Americans and most foreign immigrants. In these same decades America experienced what has been called “the great migration”: the massive movement of African Americans out of the rural South and into northern (and some southern) cities. The scale of this migration is one of the most dramatic in human history. These migrants, unlike their white counterparts, were not integrated into the cities they now called home. In fact, most American cities at the end of the twentieth century were characterized by high levels of racial residential segregation... Failure to integrate these migrants, coupled with other forces of social disorganization such as crowding, poverty, and illness, caused crime rates to climb in the cities, particularly in the segregated wards and neighborhoods where the migrants were forced to live. Foreign immigrants during this period did not look as dramatically different from the rest of the population as blacks did, but the migrants from eastern and southern Europe who came to American cities did not speak English, and were frequently Catholic, while the native born were mostly Protestant. The combination of rapid population growth with the diversity of those moving into the cities created what the Chicago School sociologists called social disorganization.

From the passage, we can infer that the author is apprehensive about the use of sophisticated automation for all of the following reasons EXCEPT that:

  • Ait could mislead people.
  • Bit stunts the development of its users.
  • Cit stops users from exercising their minds.
  • Dcomputers could replace humans.Correct answer

Answer: D

Show explanation
Answer:D EXCEPT: apprehension is about skill atrophy, misdirection, and mind-disuse—not that computers will replace humans. Why the others fail: • A — Misleading guidance (Ebola-style) is a worry. • B — Stunted know-how is the Utrecht moral. • C — Short-circuiting thinking is explicit.
Q8Reading Comprehension·Specific Detail

The passage below is accompanied by a set of questions. Choose the best answer to each question. Passage - I Sociologists working in the Chicago School tradition have focused on how rapid or dramatic social change causes increases in crime. Just as Durkheim, Marx, Toennies, and other European sociologists thought that the rapid changes produced by industrialization and urbanization produced crime and disorder, so too did the Chicago School theorists. The location of the University of Chicago provided an excellent opportunity for Park, Burgess, and McKenzie to study the social ecology of the city. Shaw and McKay found . . . that areas of the city characterized by high levels of social disorganization had higher rates of crime and delinquency. In the 1920s and 1930s Chicago, like many American cities, experienced considerable immigration. Rapid population growth is a disorganizing influence, but growth resulting from in-migration of very different people is particularly disruptive. Chicago‘s in-migrants were both native-born whites and blacks from rural areas and small towns, and foreign immigrants. The heavy industry of cities like Chicago, Detroit, and Pittsburgh drew those seeking opportunities and new lives. Farmers and villagers from America‘s hinterland, like their European cousins of whom Durkheim wrote, moved in large numbers into cities. At the start of the twentieth century, Americans were predominately a rural population, but by the century‘s mid-point most lived in urban areas. The social lives of these migrants, as well as those already living in the cities they moved to, were disrupted by the differences between urban and rural life. According to social disorganization theory, until the social ecology of the “new place” can adapt, this rapid change is a criminogenic influence. But most rural migrants, and even many of the foreign immigrants to the city, looked like and eventually spoke the same language as the natives of the cities into which they moved. These similarities allowed for more rapid social integration for these migrants than was the case for African Americans and most foreign immigrants. In these same decades America experienced what has been called “the great migration”: the massive movement of African Americans out of the rural South and into northern (and some southern) cities. The scale of this migration is one of the most dramatic in human history. These migrants, unlike their white counterparts, were not integrated into the cities they now called home. In fact, most American cities at the end of the twentieth century were characterized by high levels of racial residential segregation... Failure to integrate these migrants, coupled with other forces of social disorganization such as crowding, poverty, and illness, caused crime rates to climb in the cities, particularly in the segregated wards and neighborhoods where the migrants were forced to live. Foreign immigrants during this period did not look as dramatically different from the rest of the population as blacks did, but the migrants from eastern and southern Europe who came to American cities did not speak English, and were frequently Catholic, while the native born were mostly Protestant. The combination of rapid population growth with the diversity of those moving into the cities created what the Chicago School sociologists called social disorganization.

In the context of the passage, all of the following can be considered examples of human-centered automation EXCEPT:

  • Aa smart-home system that changes the temperature as instructed by the resident.
  • Bsoftware that auto-completes text when the user writes an email.Correct answer
  • Cmedical software that provides optional feedback on the doctor‘s analysis of the medical situation.
  • Dsoftware that offers interpretations when requested by the human operator.

Answer: B

Show explanation
Answer:B EXCEPT: auto-complete that writes for the user is solicitous automation that can dull skill—not human-centered optional aid. Why the others fail: • A — Resident-instructed thermostat keeps the human in charge. • C — Optional medical feedback matches human-centered design. • D — Interpretations on request keep the operator primary.
Q9Reading Comprehension·Inference

The passage below is accompanied by a set of questions. Choose the best answer to each question. Passage - I Sociologists working in the Chicago School tradition have focused on how rapid or dramatic social change causes increases in crime. Just as Durkheim, Marx, Toennies, and other European sociologists thought that the rapid changes produced by industrialization and urbanization produced crime and disorder, so too did the Chicago School theorists. The location of the University of Chicago provided an excellent opportunity for Park, Burgess, and McKenzie to study the social ecology of the city. Shaw and McKay found . . . that areas of the city characterized by high levels of social disorganization had higher rates of crime and delinquency. In the 1920s and 1930s Chicago, like many American cities, experienced considerable immigration. Rapid population growth is a disorganizing influence, but growth resulting from in-migration of very different people is particularly disruptive. Chicago‘s in-migrants were both native-born whites and blacks from rural areas and small towns, and foreign immigrants. The heavy industry of cities like Chicago, Detroit, and Pittsburgh drew those seeking opportunities and new lives. Farmers and villagers from America‘s hinterland, like their European cousins of whom Durkheim wrote, moved in large numbers into cities. At the start of the twentieth century, Americans were predominately a rural population, but by the century‘s mid-point most lived in urban areas. The social lives of these migrants, as well as those already living in the cities they moved to, were disrupted by the differences between urban and rural life. According to social disorganization theory, until the social ecology of the “new place” can adapt, this rapid change is a criminogenic influence. But most rural migrants, and even many of the foreign immigrants to the city, looked like and eventually spoke the same language as the natives of the cities into which they moved. These similarities allowed for more rapid social integration for these migrants than was the case for African Americans and most foreign immigrants. In these same decades America experienced what has been called “the great migration”: the massive movement of African Americans out of the rural South and into northern (and some southern) cities. The scale of this migration is one of the most dramatic in human history. These migrants, unlike their white counterparts, were not integrated into the cities they now called home. In fact, most American cities at the end of the twentieth century were characterized by high levels of racial residential segregation... Failure to integrate these migrants, coupled with other forces of social disorganization such as crowding, poverty, and illness, caused crime rates to climb in the cities, particularly in the segregated wards and neighborhoods where the migrants were forced to live. Foreign immigrants during this period did not look as dramatically different from the rest of the population as blacks did, but the migrants from eastern and southern Europe who came to American cities did not speak English, and were frequently Catholic, while the native born were mostly Protestant. The combination of rapid population growth with the diversity of those moving into the cities created what the Chicago School sociologists called social disorganization.

The author claims that, “The apparent veil between the organic and the manufactured has crumpled to reveal that the two really are, and have always been, of one being.” Which one of the following statements best expresses the point being made by the author here?

  • AScientific advances are making it increasingly difficult to distinguish between organic reality and manufactured reality.Correct answer
  • BThe crumpling of the organic veil between apparent and manufactured reality reveals them to have the same being.
  • COrganic reality has crumpled under the veil of manufacturing, rendering the apparent and the real as the same being.
  • DApparent reality and organic reality are distinguished by the fact that the former is manufactured.

Answer: A

Show explanation
Answer:A The veil claim: organic and manufactured realities increasingly can’t be kept apart—science/tech blur the line. A. Why the others fail: • B — Muddles “organic veil” wording without the distinguishability point. • C — Says organic crumpled under manufacturing—wrong metaphor reading. • D — Restores a sharp distinction the sentence says has crumpled.
Q10Reading Comprehension·Specific Detail

The passage below is accompanied by a set of questions. Choose the best answer to each question. Passage - I Sociologists working in the Chicago School tradition have focused on how rapid or dramatic social change causes increases in crime. Just as Durkheim, Marx, Toennies, and other European sociologists thought that the rapid changes produced by industrialization and urbanization produced crime and disorder, so too did the Chicago School theorists. The location of the University of Chicago provided an excellent opportunity for Park, Burgess, and McKenzie to study the social ecology of the city. Shaw and McKay found . . . that areas of the city characterized by high levels of social disorganization had higher rates of crime and delinquency. In the 1920s and 1930s Chicago, like many American cities, experienced considerable immigration. Rapid population growth is a disorganizing influence, but growth resulting from in-migration of very different people is particularly disruptive. Chicago‘s in-migrants were both native-born whites and blacks from rural areas and small towns, and foreign immigrants. The heavy industry of cities like Chicago, Detroit, and Pittsburgh drew those seeking opportunities and new lives. Farmers and villagers from America‘s hinterland, like their European cousins of whom Durkheim wrote, moved in large numbers into cities. At the start of the twentieth century, Americans were predominately a rural population, but by the century‘s mid-point most lived in urban areas. The social lives of these migrants, as well as those already living in the cities they moved to, were disrupted by the differences between urban and rural life. According to social disorganization theory, until the social ecology of the “new place” can adapt, this rapid change is a criminogenic influence. But most rural migrants, and even many of the foreign immigrants to the city, looked like and eventually spoke the same language as the natives of the cities into which they moved. These similarities allowed for more rapid social integration for these migrants than was the case for African Americans and most foreign immigrants. In these same decades America experienced what has been called “the great migration”: the massive movement of African Americans out of the rural South and into northern (and some southern) cities. The scale of this migration is one of the most dramatic in human history. These migrants, unlike their white counterparts, were not integrated into the cities they now called home. In fact, most American cities at the end of the twentieth century were characterized by high levels of racial residential segregation... Failure to integrate these migrants, coupled with other forces of social disorganization such as crowding, poverty, and illness, caused crime rates to climb in the cities, particularly in the segregated wards and neighborhoods where the migrants were forced to live. Foreign immigrants during this period did not look as dramatically different from the rest of the population as blacks did, but the migrants from eastern and southern Europe who came to American cities did not speak English, and were frequently Catholic, while the native born were mostly Protestant. The combination of rapid population growth with the diversity of those moving into the cities created what the Chicago School sociologists called social disorganization.

None of the following statements is implied by the arguments of the passage, EXCEPT:

  • Apurposeful design represents the pinnacle of scientific expertise in the service of human betterment and civilisational progress.
  • Bgenetic engineers and bioengineers are the same insofar as they both seek to force evolution in an artificial way.Correct answer
  • Cthe biological realm is as complex as the mechanical one; which is why the logic of Bios is being imported into machines.
  • Dhistorically, philosophers have known that the laws of life can be abstracted and applied elsewhere.

Answer: B

Show explanation
Answer:B None implied EXCEPT: genetic and bioengineers alike force/redirect evolution artificially—that parallel is drawn. Why the others fail: • A — Purposeful design as civilisational pinnacle is not the author’s claim. • C — Bio-logic is imported because clockwork fails for complexity—not because realms are equally complex that way. • D — Philosophers *suspected*; proof awaited modern complexity—so “have known” overstates.
Q11Reading Comprehension·Inference

The passage below is accompanied by a set of questions. Choose the best answer to each question. Passage - I Sociologists working in the Chicago School tradition have focused on how rapid or dramatic social change causes increases in crime. Just as Durkheim, Marx, Toennies, and other European sociologists thought that the rapid changes produced by industrialization and urbanization produced crime and disorder, so too did the Chicago School theorists. The location of the University of Chicago provided an excellent opportunity for Park, Burgess, and McKenzie to study the social ecology of the city. Shaw and McKay found . . . that areas of the city characterized by high levels of social disorganization had higher rates of crime and delinquency. In the 1920s and 1930s Chicago, like many American cities, experienced considerable immigration. Rapid population growth is a disorganizing influence, but growth resulting from in-migration of very different people is particularly disruptive. Chicago‘s in-migrants were both native-born whites and blacks from rural areas and small towns, and foreign immigrants. The heavy industry of cities like Chicago, Detroit, and Pittsburgh drew those seeking opportunities and new lives. Farmers and villagers from America‘s hinterland, like their European cousins of whom Durkheim wrote, moved in large numbers into cities. At the start of the twentieth century, Americans were predominately a rural population, but by the century‘s mid-point most lived in urban areas. The social lives of these migrants, as well as those already living in the cities they moved to, were disrupted by the differences between urban and rural life. According to social disorganization theory, until the social ecology of the “new place” can adapt, this rapid change is a criminogenic influence. But most rural migrants, and even many of the foreign immigrants to the city, looked like and eventually spoke the same language as the natives of the cities into which they moved. These similarities allowed for more rapid social integration for these migrants than was the case for African Americans and most foreign immigrants. In these same decades America experienced what has been called “the great migration”: the massive movement of African Americans out of the rural South and into northern (and some southern) cities. The scale of this migration is one of the most dramatic in human history. These migrants, unlike their white counterparts, were not integrated into the cities they now called home. In fact, most American cities at the end of the twentieth century were characterized by high levels of racial residential segregation... Failure to integrate these migrants, coupled with other forces of social disorganization such as crowding, poverty, and illness, caused crime rates to climb in the cities, particularly in the segregated wards and neighborhoods where the migrants were forced to live. Foreign immigrants during this period did not look as dramatically different from the rest of the population as blacks did, but the migrants from eastern and southern Europe who came to American cities did not speak English, and were frequently Catholic, while the native born were mostly Protestant. The combination of rapid population growth with the diversity of those moving into the cities created what the Chicago School sociologists called social disorganization.

Which one of the following sets of words/phrases best serves as keywords to the passage?

  • ANature; Computers; Carrots; Milk cows; Genetic engineering
  • BComplex systems; Carrots; Milk cows; Convergence; Technos-logic
  • CComplex systems; Bio-logic; Bioengineering; Technos-logic; ConvergenceCorrect answer
  • DNature; Bios; Technos; Self-repair; Holsteins

Answer: C

Show explanation
Answer:C Keywords: complex systems, bio-logic, bioengineering, technos-logic, convergence. Why the others fail: • A — Carrots/cows are illustrations, not keyword spine. • B — Still leans on examples; misses bioengineering. • D — Holsteins/self-repair are details.
Q12Reading Comprehension·Inference

The passage below is accompanied by a set of questions. Choose the best answer to each question. Passage - I Sociologists working in the Chicago School tradition have focused on how rapid or dramatic social change causes increases in crime. Just as Durkheim, Marx, Toennies, and other European sociologists thought that the rapid changes produced by industrialization and urbanization produced crime and disorder, so too did the Chicago School theorists. The location of the University of Chicago provided an excellent opportunity for Park, Burgess, and McKenzie to study the social ecology of the city. Shaw and McKay found . . . that areas of the city characterized by high levels of social disorganization had higher rates of crime and delinquency. In the 1920s and 1930s Chicago, like many American cities, experienced considerable immigration. Rapid population growth is a disorganizing influence, but growth resulting from in-migration of very different people is particularly disruptive. Chicago‘s in-migrants were both native-born whites and blacks from rural areas and small towns, and foreign immigrants. The heavy industry of cities like Chicago, Detroit, and Pittsburgh drew those seeking opportunities and new lives. Farmers and villagers from America‘s hinterland, like their European cousins of whom Durkheim wrote, moved in large numbers into cities. At the start of the twentieth century, Americans were predominately a rural population, but by the century‘s mid-point most lived in urban areas. The social lives of these migrants, as well as those already living in the cities they moved to, were disrupted by the differences between urban and rural life. According to social disorganization theory, until the social ecology of the “new place” can adapt, this rapid change is a criminogenic influence. But most rural migrants, and even many of the foreign immigrants to the city, looked like and eventually spoke the same language as the natives of the cities into which they moved. These similarities allowed for more rapid social integration for these migrants than was the case for African Americans and most foreign immigrants. In these same decades America experienced what has been called “the great migration”: the massive movement of African Americans out of the rural South and into northern (and some southern) cities. The scale of this migration is one of the most dramatic in human history. These migrants, unlike their white counterparts, were not integrated into the cities they now called home. In fact, most American cities at the end of the twentieth century were characterized by high levels of racial residential segregation... Failure to integrate these migrants, coupled with other forces of social disorganization such as crowding, poverty, and illness, caused crime rates to climb in the cities, particularly in the segregated wards and neighborhoods where the migrants were forced to live. Foreign immigrants during this period did not look as dramatically different from the rest of the population as blacks did, but the migrants from eastern and southern Europe who came to American cities did not speak English, and were frequently Catholic, while the native born were mostly Protestant. The combination of rapid population growth with the diversity of those moving into the cities created what the Chicago School sociologists called social disorganization.

The author claims that, “Part of this bionic convergence is a matter of words”. Which one of the following statements best expresses the point being made by the author?

  • A“Mechanical” and “life” were earlier seen as opposite in meaning, but the difference between the two is increasingly blurred.Correct answer
  • B“Mechanical” and “life” are words from different logical systems and are, therefore, fundamentally incompatible in meaning.
  • C“Bios” and “Technos” are both convergent forms of logic, but they generate meanings about the world that are mutually exclusive.
  • DA bionic convergence indicates the meeting ground of genetic engineering and artificial intelligence.

Answer: A

Show explanation
Answer:A “Matter of words”: mechanical vs life used to be opposite terms; convergence blurs that semantic opposition. Why the others fail: • B — Claims permanent incompatibility—opposite of convergence. • C — Mutually exclusive meanings contradict the blur thesis. • D — Meeting of GE and AI is substance, not the “matter of words” point.
Q13Reading Comprehension·Specific Detail

The passage below is accompanied by a set of questions. Choose the best answer to each question. Passage - I Sociologists working in the Chicago School tradition have focused on how rapid or dramatic social change causes increases in crime. Just as Durkheim, Marx, Toennies, and other European sociologists thought that the rapid changes produced by industrialization and urbanization produced crime and disorder, so too did the Chicago School theorists. The location of the University of Chicago provided an excellent opportunity for Park, Burgess, and McKenzie to study the social ecology of the city. Shaw and McKay found . . . that areas of the city characterized by high levels of social disorganization had higher rates of crime and delinquency. In the 1920s and 1930s Chicago, like many American cities, experienced considerable immigration. Rapid population growth is a disorganizing influence, but growth resulting from in-migration of very different people is particularly disruptive. Chicago‘s in-migrants were both native-born whites and blacks from rural areas and small towns, and foreign immigrants. The heavy industry of cities like Chicago, Detroit, and Pittsburgh drew those seeking opportunities and new lives. Farmers and villagers from America‘s hinterland, like their European cousins of whom Durkheim wrote, moved in large numbers into cities. At the start of the twentieth century, Americans were predominately a rural population, but by the century‘s mid-point most lived in urban areas. The social lives of these migrants, as well as those already living in the cities they moved to, were disrupted by the differences between urban and rural life. According to social disorganization theory, until the social ecology of the “new place” can adapt, this rapid change is a criminogenic influence. But most rural migrants, and even many of the foreign immigrants to the city, looked like and eventually spoke the same language as the natives of the cities into which they moved. These similarities allowed for more rapid social integration for these migrants than was the case for African Americans and most foreign immigrants. In these same decades America experienced what has been called “the great migration”: the massive movement of African Americans out of the rural South and into northern (and some southern) cities. The scale of this migration is one of the most dramatic in human history. These migrants, unlike their white counterparts, were not integrated into the cities they now called home. In fact, most American cities at the end of the twentieth century were characterized by high levels of racial residential segregation... Failure to integrate these migrants, coupled with other forces of social disorganization such as crowding, poverty, and illness, caused crime rates to climb in the cities, particularly in the segregated wards and neighborhoods where the migrants were forced to live. Foreign immigrants during this period did not look as dramatically different from the rest of the population as blacks did, but the migrants from eastern and southern Europe who came to American cities did not speak English, and were frequently Catholic, while the native born were mostly Protestant. The combination of rapid population growth with the diversity of those moving into the cities created what the Chicago School sociologists called social disorganization.

In the context of the passage, all of the following statements are true EXCEPT:

  • AIndia‘s spiritualism served as a salve for European colonisers.Correct answer
  • BOrientalists‘ understanding of Indian history was linked to colonial concerns.
  • CIndian texts influenced Orientalist scholars.
  • DOrientalist scholarship influenced Indians.

Answer: A

Show explanation
Answer:A EXCEPT: India’s spiritualism as a *salve for European colonisers* is not affirmed; Romantic fantasy ≠ colonial comfort-blanket claim as stated. Why the others fail: • B — Colonial concerns shaping Orientalist history is opening thesis. • C — Text study with Indian scholars shows textual influence. • D — Orientalist ideas feeding back to Indians is discussed.
Q14Reading Comprehension·Inference

The passage below is accompanied by a set of questions. Choose the best answer to each question. Passage - I Sociologists working in the Chicago School tradition have focused on how rapid or dramatic social change causes increases in crime. Just as Durkheim, Marx, Toennies, and other European sociologists thought that the rapid changes produced by industrialization and urbanization produced crime and disorder, so too did the Chicago School theorists. The location of the University of Chicago provided an excellent opportunity for Park, Burgess, and McKenzie to study the social ecology of the city. Shaw and McKay found . . . that areas of the city characterized by high levels of social disorganization had higher rates of crime and delinquency. In the 1920s and 1930s Chicago, like many American cities, experienced considerable immigration. Rapid population growth is a disorganizing influence, but growth resulting from in-migration of very different people is particularly disruptive. Chicago‘s in-migrants were both native-born whites and blacks from rural areas and small towns, and foreign immigrants. The heavy industry of cities like Chicago, Detroit, and Pittsburgh drew those seeking opportunities and new lives. Farmers and villagers from America‘s hinterland, like their European cousins of whom Durkheim wrote, moved in large numbers into cities. At the start of the twentieth century, Americans were predominately a rural population, but by the century‘s mid-point most lived in urban areas. The social lives of these migrants, as well as those already living in the cities they moved to, were disrupted by the differences between urban and rural life. According to social disorganization theory, until the social ecology of the “new place” can adapt, this rapid change is a criminogenic influence. But most rural migrants, and even many of the foreign immigrants to the city, looked like and eventually spoke the same language as the natives of the cities into which they moved. These similarities allowed for more rapid social integration for these migrants than was the case for African Americans and most foreign immigrants. In these same decades America experienced what has been called “the great migration”: the massive movement of African Americans out of the rural South and into northern (and some southern) cities. The scale of this migration is one of the most dramatic in human history. These migrants, unlike their white counterparts, were not integrated into the cities they now called home. In fact, most American cities at the end of the twentieth century were characterized by high levels of racial residential segregation... Failure to integrate these migrants, coupled with other forces of social disorganization such as crowding, poverty, and illness, caused crime rates to climb in the cities, particularly in the segregated wards and neighborhoods where the migrants were forced to live. Foreign immigrants during this period did not look as dramatically different from the rest of the population as blacks did, but the migrants from eastern and southern Europe who came to American cities did not speak English, and were frequently Catholic, while the native born were mostly Protestant. The combination of rapid population growth with the diversity of those moving into the cities created what the Chicago School sociologists called social disorganization.

It can be inferred from the passage that the author is not likely to support the view that:

  • AIndia‘s culture has evolved over the centuries.
  • Bthe Orientalist view of Asia fired the imagination of some Western poets.
  • CIndian culture acknowledges the material aspects of life.
  • DIndia became a colony although it matched the technical knowledge of the West.Correct answer

Answer: D

Show explanation
Answer:D Author unlikely to support: India matched Western technical knowledge yet was colonised—that technical-parity claim isn’t the passage’s account of conquest. Why the others fail: • A — Evolving culture fits non-static critique of Orientalism. • B — Romantic poets fired by Orient is stated. • C — Pushback against purely spiritual stereotype implies material life is acknowledged.
Q15Reading Comprehension·Application & Analogy

The passage below is accompanied by a set of questions. Choose the best answer to each question. Passage - I Sociologists working in the Chicago School tradition have focused on how rapid or dramatic social change causes increases in crime. Just as Durkheim, Marx, Toennies, and other European sociologists thought that the rapid changes produced by industrialization and urbanization produced crime and disorder, so too did the Chicago School theorists. The location of the University of Chicago provided an excellent opportunity for Park, Burgess, and McKenzie to study the social ecology of the city. Shaw and McKay found . . . that areas of the city characterized by high levels of social disorganization had higher rates of crime and delinquency. In the 1920s and 1930s Chicago, like many American cities, experienced considerable immigration. Rapid population growth is a disorganizing influence, but growth resulting from in-migration of very different people is particularly disruptive. Chicago‘s in-migrants were both native-born whites and blacks from rural areas and small towns, and foreign immigrants. The heavy industry of cities like Chicago, Detroit, and Pittsburgh drew those seeking opportunities and new lives. Farmers and villagers from America‘s hinterland, like their European cousins of whom Durkheim wrote, moved in large numbers into cities. At the start of the twentieth century, Americans were predominately a rural population, but by the century‘s mid-point most lived in urban areas. The social lives of these migrants, as well as those already living in the cities they moved to, were disrupted by the differences between urban and rural life. According to social disorganization theory, until the social ecology of the “new place” can adapt, this rapid change is a criminogenic influence. But most rural migrants, and even many of the foreign immigrants to the city, looked like and eventually spoke the same language as the natives of the cities into which they moved. These similarities allowed for more rapid social integration for these migrants than was the case for African Americans and most foreign immigrants. In these same decades America experienced what has been called “the great migration”: the massive movement of African Americans out of the rural South and into northern (and some southern) cities. The scale of this migration is one of the most dramatic in human history. These migrants, unlike their white counterparts, were not integrated into the cities they now called home. In fact, most American cities at the end of the twentieth century were characterized by high levels of racial residential segregation... Failure to integrate these migrants, coupled with other forces of social disorganization such as crowding, poverty, and illness, caused crime rates to climb in the cities, particularly in the segregated wards and neighborhoods where the migrants were forced to live. Foreign immigrants during this period did not look as dramatically different from the rest of the population as blacks did, but the migrants from eastern and southern Europe who came to American cities did not speak English, and were frequently Catholic, while the native born were mostly Protestant. The combination of rapid population growth with the diversity of those moving into the cities created what the Chicago School sociologists called social disorganization.

Which one of the following styles of research is most similar to the Orientalist scholars‘ method of understanding Indian history and culture?

  • AReading 18th century accounts by travellers to India to see how they viewed Indian life and culture of the time.
  • BStudying artefacts excavated at a palace to understand the lifestyle of those who lived there.
  • CReading about the life of early American settlers and later waves of migration to understand the evolution of American culture.
  • DAnalysing Hollywood action movies that depict violence and sex to understand contemporary America.Correct answer

Answer: D

Show explanation
Answer:D Orientalists read selected texts through Western lenses without inhabiting Indian world-views—like analysing Hollywood violence/sex movies to “know” America: mediated, selective, outsider-framed. Why the others fail: • A — Travellers’ accounts are still empirical reportage closer to trying to see life. • B — Artefacts aim at inhabitants’ lifestyle more directly. • C — Settler/migration reading tracks change from inside a society’s story.
Q16Reading Comprehension·Inference

The passage below is accompanied by a set of questions. Choose the best answer to each question. Passage - I Sociologists working in the Chicago School tradition have focused on how rapid or dramatic social change causes increases in crime. Just as Durkheim, Marx, Toennies, and other European sociologists thought that the rapid changes produced by industrialization and urbanization produced crime and disorder, so too did the Chicago School theorists. The location of the University of Chicago provided an excellent opportunity for Park, Burgess, and McKenzie to study the social ecology of the city. Shaw and McKay found . . . that areas of the city characterized by high levels of social disorganization had higher rates of crime and delinquency. In the 1920s and 1930s Chicago, like many American cities, experienced considerable immigration. Rapid population growth is a disorganizing influence, but growth resulting from in-migration of very different people is particularly disruptive. Chicago‘s in-migrants were both native-born whites and blacks from rural areas and small towns, and foreign immigrants. The heavy industry of cities like Chicago, Detroit, and Pittsburgh drew those seeking opportunities and new lives. Farmers and villagers from America‘s hinterland, like their European cousins of whom Durkheim wrote, moved in large numbers into cities. At the start of the twentieth century, Americans were predominately a rural population, but by the century‘s mid-point most lived in urban areas. The social lives of these migrants, as well as those already living in the cities they moved to, were disrupted by the differences between urban and rural life. According to social disorganization theory, until the social ecology of the “new place” can adapt, this rapid change is a criminogenic influence. But most rural migrants, and even many of the foreign immigrants to the city, looked like and eventually spoke the same language as the natives of the cities into which they moved. These similarities allowed for more rapid social integration for these migrants than was the case for African Americans and most foreign immigrants. In these same decades America experienced what has been called “the great migration”: the massive movement of African Americans out of the rural South and into northern (and some southern) cities. The scale of this migration is one of the most dramatic in human history. These migrants, unlike their white counterparts, were not integrated into the cities they now called home. In fact, most American cities at the end of the twentieth century were characterized by high levels of racial residential segregation... Failure to integrate these migrants, coupled with other forces of social disorganization such as crowding, poverty, and illness, caused crime rates to climb in the cities, particularly in the segregated wards and neighborhoods where the migrants were forced to live. Foreign immigrants during this period did not look as dramatically different from the rest of the population as blacks did, but the migrants from eastern and southern Europe who came to American cities did not speak English, and were frequently Catholic, while the native born were mostly Protestant. The combination of rapid population growth with the diversity of those moving into the cities created what the Chicago School sociologists called social disorganization.

It can be inferred from the passage that to gain a more accurate view of a nation‘s history and culture, scholars should do all of the following EXCEPT:

  • Aexamine the complex reality of that nation‘s society.
  • Bdevelop an oppositional framework to grasp cultural differences.Correct answer
  • Cread widely in the country‘s literature.
  • Dexamine their own beliefs and biases.

Answer: B

Show explanation
Answer:B EXCEPT: an oppositional West/Orient framework is what skewed Orientalism—scholars should *not* lean on that binary to grasp difference. Why the others fail: • A — Complex social reality is needed. • C — Wide literary reading helps. • D — Examining own biases is required.
Q17Verbal Ability·Paragraph JumblesTITA

The four sentences (labelled 1, 2, 3 and 4) below, when properly sequenced, would yield a coherent paragraph. Decide on the proper sequencing of the order of the sentences and key in the sequence of the four numbers as your answer:

1. If I wanted to sit indoors and read, or play Sonic the Hedgehog on a red-hot Sega Mega Drive, I would often be made to feel guilty about not going outside to “enjoy it while it lasts”. 2. My mum, quite reasonably, wanted me and my sister out of the house, in the sun. 3. Tales of my mum‘s idyllic-sounding childhood in the Sussex countryside, where trees were climbed by 8 am and streams navigated by lunchtime, were passed down to us like folklore. 4. To an introverted kid, that felt like a threat − and the feeling has stayed with me.

Answer: 2314

Show explanation
Answer:2314 2 states mum wanted kids outdoors; 3 supplies her Sussex folklore ideal; 1 shows guilt when staying indoors; 4 gives the introvert’s lasting threat-feeling. Order 2–3–1–4.
Q18Verbal Ability·Paragraph Summary

The passage given below is followed by four alternate summaries. Choose the option that best captures the essence of the passage.

To defend the sequence of alphabetisation may seem bizarre, so obvious is its application that it is hard to imagine a reference, catalogue or listing without it. But alphabetical order was not an immediate consequence of the alphabet itself. In the Middle Ages, deference for ecclesiastical tradition left scholars reluctant to categorise things according to the alphabet − to do so would be a rejection of the divine order. The rediscovery of the ancient Greek and Roman classics necessitated more efficient ways of ordering, searching and referencing texts. Government bureaucracy in the 16th and 17th centuries quickened the advance of alphabetical order, bringing with it pigeonholes, notebooks and card indexes.

  • AThe alphabetic order took several centuries to gain common currency because of religious beliefs and a lack of appreciation of its efficacy in the ordering of things.Correct answer
  • BUnlike the alphabet, once the efficacy of the alphabetic sequence became apparent to scholars and administrators, its use became widespread.
  • CThe ban on the use by scholars of any form of categorisation - but the divinely ordained one - delayed the adoption of the alphabetic sequence by several centuries.
  • DWhile adoption of the written alphabet was easily accomplished, it took scholars several centuries to accept the alphabetic sequence as a useful tool in their work.

Answer: A

Show explanation
Answer:A Summary: alphabet ≠ automatic A–Z order; religious deference delayed it, then classics/bureaucracy spread it—centuries to catch on from belief and under-appreciation of efficiency. A. Why the others fail: • B — “Unlike the alphabet” contrast is muddled; alphabet itself isn’t the delayed tool. • C — “Ban” is too strong vs reluctance. • D — Easy alphabet adoption isn’t claimed; focus is ordering practice.
Q19Verbal Ability·Paragraph Summary

The passage given below is followed by four alternate summaries. Choose the option that best captures the essence of the passage.

“It does seem to me that the job of comedy is to offend, or have the potential to offend, and it cannot be drained of that potential,” Rowan Atkinson said of cancel culture. “Every joke has a victim. That‘s the definition of a joke. Someone or something or an idea is made to look ridiculous.” The Netflix star continued, “I think you‘ve got to be very, very careful about saying what you‘re allowed to make jokes about. You‘ve always got to kick up? Really?” He added, “There are lots of extremely smug and self- satisfied people in what would be deemed lower down in society, who also deserve to be pulled up. In a proper free society, you should be allowed to make jokes about absolutely anything.”

  • AVictims of jokes must not only be politicians and royalty, but also arrogant people from lower classes should be mentioned by comedians.
  • BEvery joke needs a victim and one needs to include people from lower down the society and not just the upper class.
  • CCancel culture does not understand the role and duty of comedians, which is to deride and mock everyone.
  • DAll jokes target someone and one should be able to joke about anyone in the society, which is inconsistent with cancel cultureCorrect answer

Answer: D

Show explanation
Answer:D Atkinson: jokes need victims; free society allows joking about anyone—clashing with cancel culture’s limits. D. Why the others fail: • A — Prescriptive “must mention lower classes” overreads. • B — Same over-narrow duty to include classes. • C — “Duty to deride everyone” is harsher than his free-speech point.
Q20Verbal Ability·Sentence Placement

There is a sentence that is missing in the paragraph below. Look at the paragraph and decide in which blank (option 1, 2, 3, or 4) the following sentence would best fit.

Sentence: When people socially learn from each other, they often learn without understanding why what they‘re copying−the beliefs and behaviours and technologies and know-how−works. Paragraph: _____ (1) _______. The dual-inheritance theory ….says….. that inheritance is itself an evolutionary system. It has variation. What makes us a new kind of animal, and so different and successful as a species, is we rely heavily on social learning, to the point where socially acquired information is effectively a second line of inheritance, the first being our genes…._____ (2) _______. People tend to home in on who seems to be the smartest or most successful person around, as well as what everybody seems to be doing−the majority of people have something worth learning. _____(3) _______. When you repeat this process over time, you can get, around the world, cultural packages− beliefs or behaviours or technology or other solutions−that are adapted to the local conditions. People have different psychologies, effectively. _____ (4) ______.

  • ABlank 1
  • BBlank 2Correct answer
  • CBlank 3
  • DBlank 4

Answer: B

Show explanation
Answer:B (blank 2) Missing sentence (social learning often without understanding why copies work) follows dual-inheritance/second-line claim and before who-we-copy heuristics—blank 2. Why the others fail: • A (1) — Before dual-inheritance intro; “copying” lacks setup. • C (3) — After copy heuristics, before cultural packages—understanding-why fits earlier. • D (4) — Closing psychology differences; too late for the learning-without-understanding hinge.
Q21Verbal Ability·Sentence Placement

There is a sentence that is missing in the paragraph below. Look at the paragraph and decide in which blank (option 1, 2, 3, or 4) the following sentence would best fit.

Sentence: This has meant a lot of uncertainty around what a wide-scale return to office might look like in practice. Paragraph: Bringing workers back to their desks has been a rocky road for employers and employees alike. The evolution of the pandemic has meant that best laid plans have often not materialised._____ (1) _______. The flow of workers back into offices has been more of a trickle than a steady stream. _____ (2) _______. Yet while plenty of companies are still working through their new policies, some employees across the globe are now back at their desks, whether on a full-time or hybrid basis._____ (3) _______. That means we‘re beginning to get some clarity on what return-to-office means − what‘s working, as well as what has yet to be settled._____ (4) _______.

  • ABlank 1
  • BBlank 2Correct answer
  • CBlank 3
  • DBlank 4

Answer: B

Show explanation
Answer:B (blank 2) Uncertainty about wide-scale return fits after “trickle” return and before “yet some are back”—blank 2 bridges sparse return and emerging clarity. Why the others fail: • A (1) — Right after plans failing; uncertainty sentence needs the trickle fact first. • C (3) — After people are back; clarity sentence follows—uncertainty belongs earlier. • D (4) — After clarity begins; wrong tone.
Q22Verbal Ability·Paragraph JumblesTITA

The four sentences (labelled 1, 2, 3 and 4) below, when properly sequenced, would yield a coherent paragraph. Decide on the proper sequencing of the order of the sentences and key in the sequence of the four numbers as your answer:

1.Various industrial sectors including retail, transit systems, enterprises, educational institutions, event organizing, finance, travel etc. have now started leveraging these beacons solutions to track and communicate with their customers. 2. A beacon fixed on to a shop wall enables the retailer to assess the proximity of the customer, and come up with a much targeted or personalized communication like offers, discounts and combos on products in each shelf. 3. Smart phones or other mobile devices can capture the beacon signals, and distance can be estimated by measuring received signal strength. 4. Beacons are tiny and inexpensive, micro-location-based technology devices that can send radio frequency signals and notify nearby Bluetooth devices of their presence and transmit information.

Answer: 4312

Show explanation
Answer:4312 4 defines beacons; 3 explains phone capture/distance; 1 surveys industry uses; 2 gives retail personalisation example. Order 4–3–1–2.
Q23Verbal Ability·Paragraph JumblesTITA

The four sentences (labelled 1, 2, 3 and 4) below, when properly sequenced, would yield a coherent paragraph. Decide on the proper sequencing of the order of the sentences and key in the sequence of the four numbers as your answer:

1. The more we are able to accept that our achievements are largely out of our control, the easier it becomes to understand that our failures, and those of others, are too. 2. But the raft of recent books about the limits of merit is an important correction to the arrogance of contemporary entitlement and an opportunity to reassert the importance of luck, or grace, in our thinking. 3. Meritocracy as an organising principle is an inevitable function of a free society, as we are designed to see our achievements as worthy of reward. 4. And that in turn should increase our humility and the respect with which we treat our fellow citizens, helping ultimately to build a more compassionate society.

Answer: 3214

Show explanation
Answer:3214 3 states meritocracy as free-society organising principle; 2 introduces books correcting entitlement via luck/grace; 1 says accepting out-of-control achievements eases failure judgments; 4 links that to humility/compassion. Order 3–2–1–4.
Q24Verbal Ability·Paragraph Summary

The passage given below is followed by four alternate summaries. Choose the option that best captures the essence of the passage.

Tamsin Blanchard, curator of Fashion Open Studio, an initiative by a campaign group showcasing the work of ethical designers says, “We're all drawn to an exquisite piece of embroidery, a colourful textile or even a style of dressing that might have originated from another heritage. But this magpie mentality, where all of culture and history is up for grabs as 'inspiration', has accelerated since the proliferation of social media... Where once a fashion student might research the history and traditions of a particular item of clothing with care and respect, we now have a world where images are lifted from image libraries without a care for their cultural significance. It's easier than ever to steal a motif or a craft technique and transfer it on to a piece of clothing that is either mass produced or appears on a runway without credit or compensation to their original communities.”

  • ATaking fashion ideas from any cultural group without their consent is a form of appropriation without giving due credit, compensation, and respect.Correct answer
  • BMedia has encouraged mass production; images are copied effortlessly without care or concern for the interests of ethnic communities.
  • CCultural collaboration is the need of the hour. Beautiful design ideas of indigenous people need to be showcased and shared worldwide.
  • DCopying an embroidery design or pattern of textile from native communities who own them is tantamount to stealing and they need to be compensated.

Answer: A

Show explanation
Answer:A Summary: magpie “inspiration” without credit/compensation/respect is cultural appropriation accelerated by social media. A. Why the others fail: • B — Blames media/mass production generally; misses consent/credit core. • C — Calls for collaboration/showcasing—opposite critical thrust. • D — Only embroidery/textile; narrower than the general appropriation claim.

DILR(20 questions)

Q25Logical Reasoning·Quant-based Reasoning

All the first-year students in the computer science (CS) department in a university take both the courses (i) AI and (ii) ML. Students from other departments (non-CS students) can also take one of these two courses, but not both. Students who fail in a course get an F grade; others pass and are awarded A or B or C grades depending on their performance. The following are some additional facts about the number of students who took these two courses this year and the grades they obtained. 1. The numbers of non-CS students who took AI and ML were in the ratio 2 : 5. 2. The number of non-CS students who took either AI or ML was equal to the number of CS students. 3. The numbers of non-CS students who failed in the two courses were the same and their total is equal to the number of CS students who got a C grade in ML. 4. In both the courses, 50% of the students who passed got a B grade. But, while the numbers of students who got A and C grades were the same for AI, they were in the ratio 3 : 2 for ML. 5. No CS student failed in AI, while no non-CS student got an A grade in AI. 6. The numbers of CS students who got A, B and C grades respectively in AI were in the ratio 3 : 5 : 2, while in ML the ratio was 4 : 5 : 2. 7. The ratio of the total number of non-CS students failing in one of the two courses to the number of CS students failing in one of the two courses was 3 : 1. 8. 30 students failed in ML.

How many students took AI?

  • A210
  • B90
  • C60
  • D270Correct answer

Answer: D

Show explanation
Answer:D (270) Setup. CS first-years: two compulsory courses; electives with caps and overlap rules → enrolment grid. Q. How many students took AI? Steps. Fill elective enrolments from the caps/overlaps. Test the stem’s must/could/cannot claim on that grid → D. Why other options fail. - A (210): Violates a cap or misreads must vs could on the enrolment grid. - B (90): Violates a cap or misreads must vs could on the enrolment grid. - C (60): Violates a cap or misreads must vs could on the enrolment grid.
Q26Logical Reasoning·Quant-based ReasoningTITA

All the first-year students in the computer science (CS) department in a university take both the courses (i) AI and (ii) ML. Students from other departments (non-CS students) can also take one of these two courses, but not both. Students who fail in a course get an F grade; others pass and are awarded A or B or C grades depending on their performance. The following are some additional facts about the number of students who took these two courses this year and the grades they obtained. 1. The numbers of non-CS students who took AI and ML were in the ratio 2 : 5. 2. The number of non-CS students who took either AI or ML was equal to the number of CS students. 3. The numbers of non-CS students who failed in the two courses were the same and their total is equal to the number of CS students who got a C grade in ML. 4. In both the courses, 50% of the students who passed got a B grade. But, while the numbers of students who got A and C grades were the same for AI, they were in the ratio 3 : 2 for ML. 5. No CS student failed in AI, while no non-CS student got an A grade in AI. 6. The numbers of CS students who got A, B and C grades respectively in AI were in the ratio 3 : 5 : 2, while in ML the ratio was 4 : 5 : 2. 7. The ratio of the total number of non-CS students failing in one of the two courses to the number of CS students failing in one of the two courses was 3 : 1. 8. 30 students failed in ML.

How many CS students failed in ML?

Answer: 12

Show explanation
Answer:12 Setup. Every CS student takes AI and ML; non-CS students take exactly one of them. Non-CS AI:ML = 2:5, and non-CS headcount equals CS headcount. Non-CS fails in AI equal non-CS fails in ML; twice that fail count equals the number of CS students with C in ML. Among passers, half get B; AI A:C = 1:1; ML A:C = 3:2. No CS student fails AI; no non-CS student gets A in AI. CS AI grades A:B:C = 3:5:2; CS ML grades A:B:C = 4:5:2. Non-CS fail-count : CS fail-count = 3:1. Altogether 30 students failed ML. Steps. Let non-CS fails per course = f and CS ML fails = x. Then f + x = 30 and 2f : x = 3 : 1 ⇒ 2f = 3x ⇒ f = 18, x = 12. So CS students who failed ML = 12 (and CS = 210 fits the grade ratios).
Q27Logical Reasoning·Quant-based ReasoningTITA

All the first-year students in the computer science (CS) department in a university take both the courses (i) AI and (ii) ML. Students from other departments (non-CS students) can also take one of these two courses, but not both. Students who fail in a course get an F grade; others pass and are awarded A or B or C grades depending on their performance. The following are some additional facts about the number of students who took these two courses this year and the grades they obtained. 1. The numbers of non-CS students who took AI and ML were in the ratio 2 : 5. 2. The number of non-CS students who took either AI or ML was equal to the number of CS students. 3. The numbers of non-CS students who failed in the two courses were the same and their total is equal to the number of CS students who got a C grade in ML. 4. In both the courses, 50% of the students who passed got a B grade. But, while the numbers of students who got A and C grades were the same for AI, they were in the ratio 3 : 2 for ML. 5. No CS student failed in AI, while no non-CS student got an A grade in AI. 6. The numbers of CS students who got A, B and C grades respectively in AI were in the ratio 3 : 5 : 2, while in ML the ratio was 4 : 5 : 2. 7. The ratio of the total number of non-CS students failing in one of the two courses to the number of CS students failing in one of the two courses was 3 : 1. 8. 30 students failed in ML.

How many non-CS students got A grade in ML?

Answer: 27

Show explanation
Answer:27 Setup. Same AI/ML grade structure. From the fail equations, non-CS fails 18 in each course, CS ML fails 12, and CS = non-CS = 210, so non-CS ML takers = 150. CS MLAB/C = 7290/36 among the 198 CS passers. Steps. Non-CS ML passers = 150 − 18 = 132. All ML passers = 198 + 132 = 330, so B-grades = 165. CS already accounts for 90 B’s ⇒ non-CS B = 75. The remaining 132 − 75 = 57 non-CS passers split A:C = 3:2, giving A = 35 × 57 = 27 (and C = 18).
Q28Logical Reasoning·Quant-based Reasoning

All the first-year students in the computer science (CS) department in a university take both the courses (i) AI and (ii) ML. Students from other departments (non-CS students) can also take one of these two courses, but not both. Students who fail in a course get an F grade; others pass and are awarded A or B or C grades depending on their performance. The following are some additional facts about the number of students who took these two courses this year and the grades they obtained. 1. The numbers of non-CS students who took AI and ML were in the ratio 2 : 5. 2. The number of non-CS students who took either AI or ML was equal to the number of CS students. 3. The numbers of non-CS students who failed in the two courses were the same and their total is equal to the number of CS students who got a C grade in ML. 4. In both the courses, 50% of the students who passed got a B grade. But, while the numbers of students who got A and C grades were the same for AI, they were in the ratio 3 : 2 for ML. 5. No CS student failed in AI, while no non-CS student got an A grade in AI. 6. The numbers of CS students who got A, B and C grades respectively in AI were in the ratio 3 : 5 : 2, while in ML the ratio was 4 : 5 : 2. 7. The ratio of the total number of non-CS students failing in one of the two courses to the number of CS students failing in one of the two courses was 3 : 1. 8. 30 students failed in ML.

How many students got A grade in AI?

  • A84
  • B42
  • C63Correct answer
  • D99

Answer: C

Show explanation
Answer:C (63) Setup. CS first-years: two compulsory courses; electives with caps and overlap rules → enrolment grid. Q. How many students got A grade in AI? Steps. Fill elective enrolments from the caps/overlaps. Test the stem’s must/could/cannot claim on that grid → C. Why other options fail. - A (84): Violates a cap or misreads must vs could on the enrolment grid. - B (42): Violates a cap or misreads must vs could on the enrolment grid. - D (99): Violates a cap or misreads must vs could on the enrolment grid.
Q29Logical Reasoning·Quant-based Reasoning

All the first-year students in the computer science (CS) department in a university take both the courses (i) AI and (ii) ML. Students from other departments (non-CS students) can also take one of these two courses, but not both. Students who fail in a course get an F grade; others pass and are awarded A or B or C grades depending on their performance. The following are some additional facts about the number of students who took these two courses this year and the grades they obtained. 1. The numbers of non-CS students who took AI and ML were in the ratio 2 : 5. 2. The number of non-CS students who took either AI or ML was equal to the number of CS students. 3. The numbers of non-CS students who failed in the two courses were the same and their total is equal to the number of CS students who got a C grade in ML. 4. In both the courses, 50% of the students who passed got a B grade. But, while the numbers of students who got A and C grades were the same for AI, they were in the ratio 3 : 2 for ML. 5. No CS student failed in AI, while no non-CS student got an A grade in AI. 6. The numbers of CS students who got A, B and C grades respectively in AI were in the ratio 3 : 5 : 2, while in ML the ratio was 4 : 5 : 2. 7. The ratio of the total number of non-CS students failing in one of the two courses to the number of CS students failing in one of the two courses was 3 : 1. 8. 30 students failed in ML.

How many non-CS students got B grade in ML?

  • A165
  • B25
  • C90
  • D75Correct answer

Answer: D

Show explanation
Answer:D (75) Setup. CS first-years: two compulsory courses; electives with caps and overlap rules → enrolment grid. Q. How many non-CS students got B grade in ML? Steps. Fill elective enrolments from the caps/overlaps. Test the stem’s must/could/cannot claim on that grid → D. Why other options fail. - A (165): Violates a cap or misreads must vs could on the enrolment grid. - B (25): Violates a cap or misreads must vs could on the enrolment grid. - C (90): Violates a cap or misreads must vs could on the enrolment grid.
Q30Data Interpretation·Mixed Charts

All the first-year students in the computer science (CS) department in a university take both the courses (i) AI and (ii) ML. Students from other departments (non-CS students) can also take one of these two courses, but not both. Students who fail in a course get an F grade; others pass and are awarded A or B or C grades depending on their performance. The following are some additional facts about the number of students who took these two courses this year and the grades they obtained. 1. The numbers of non-CS students who took AI and ML were in the ratio 2 : 5. 2. The number of non-CS students who took either AI or ML was equal to the number of CS students. 3. The numbers of non-CS students who failed in the two courses were the same and their total is equal to the number of CS students who got a C grade in ML. 4. In both the courses, 50% of the students who passed got a B grade. But, while the numbers of students who got A and C grades were the same for AI, they were in the ratio 3 : 2 for ML. 5. No CS student failed in AI, while no non-CS student got an A grade in AI. 6. The numbers of CS students who got A, B and C grades respectively in AI were in the ratio 3 : 5 : 2, while in ML the ratio was 4 : 5 : 2. 7. The ratio of the total number of non-CS students failing in one of the two courses to the number of CS students failing in one of the two courses was 3 : 1. 8. 30 students failed in ML.

In 2000, what was the ratio of the number of dead males to dead females among those being tracked?

  • A41 : 43
  • B71 : 69Correct answer
  • C129 : 131
  • D109 : 107

Answer: B

Show explanation
Answer:B (71 : 69) Setup. 1980 age–sex cohort followed in later charts. Deaths over an interval = start count − survivors in the age-shifted band. Q. In 2000, what was the ratio of the number of dead males to dead females among those being tracked? Steps. Take the 1980 headcount for the named cohort, read survivors in the later chart’s corresponding band, subtract. Value B. Why other options fail. - A (41 : 43): Wrong sex/age band or wrong year pair when subtracting survivors. - C (129 : 131): Wrong sex/age band or wrong year pair when subtracting survivors. - D (109 : 107): Wrong sex/age band or wrong year pair when subtracting survivors.
Q31Data Interpretation·Mixed Charts

In the following, a year corresponds to 1st of January of that year. A study to determine the mortality rate for a disease began in 1980. The study chose 1000 males and 1000 females and followed them for forty years or until they died, whichever came first. The 1000 males chosen in 1980 consisted of 250 each of ages 10 to less than 20, 20 to less than 30, 30 to less than 40, and 40 to less than

CAT 2022 Slot 3 cohort age-distribution charts

How many people who were being tracked and who were between 30 and 40 years of age in 1980 survived until 2010?

  • A190Correct answer
  • B110
  • C310
  • D90

Answer: A

Show explanation
Answer:A (190) Setup. 1980 age–sex cohort followed in later charts. Deaths over an interval = start count − survivors in the age-shifted band. Q. How many people who were being tracked and who were between 30 and 40 years of age in 1980 survived until 2010? Steps. Take the 1980 headcount for the named cohort, read survivors in the later chart’s corresponding band, subtract. Value A. Why other options fail. - B (110): Wrong sex/age band or wrong year pair when subtracting survivors. - C (310): Wrong sex/age band or wrong year pair when subtracting survivors. - D (90): Wrong sex/age band or wrong year pair when subtracting survivors.
Q32Data Interpretation·Mixed Charts

In the following, a year corresponds to 1st of January of that year. A study to determine the mortality rate for a disease began in 1980. The study chose 1000 males and 1000 females and followed them for forty years or until they died, whichever came first. The 1000 males chosen in 1980 consisted of 250 each of ages 10 to less than 20, 20 to less than 30, 30 to less than 40, and 40 to less than

CAT 2022 Slot 3 cohort age-distribution charts

How many individuals who were being tracked and who were less than 30 years of age in 1980 survived until 2020?

  • A230
  • B580
  • C470Correct answer
  • D240

Answer: C

Show explanation
Answer:C (470) Setup. 1980 age–sex cohort followed in later charts. Deaths over an interval = start count − survivors in the age-shifted band. Q. How many individuals who were being tracked and who were less than 30 years of age in 1980 survived until 2020? Steps. Take the 1980 headcount for the named cohort, read survivors in the later chart’s corresponding band, subtract. Value C. Why other options fail. - A (230): Wrong sex/age band or wrong year pair when subtracting survivors. - B (580): Wrong sex/age band or wrong year pair when subtracting survivors. - D (240): Wrong sex/age band or wrong year pair when subtracting survivors.
Q33Data Interpretation·Mixed ChartsTITA

In the following, a year corresponds to 1st of January of that year. A study to determine the mortality rate for a disease began in 1980. The study chose 1000 males and 1000 females and followed them for forty years or until they died, whichever came first. The 1000 males chosen in 1980 consisted of 250 each of ages 10 to less than 20, 20 to less than 30, 30 to less than 40, and 40 to less than

CAT 2022 Slot 3 cohort age-distribution charts

How many of the males who were being tracked and who were between 20 and 30 years of age in 1980 died in the period 2000 to 2010?

Answer: 40

Show explanation
Answer:40 Setup. Mortality study from 1980 follows 1000 males and 1000 females for at most forty years. Males are 250 each in age bands 10–20, 20–30, 30–40 and 40–50 at entry (same for females). Charts give, for each cohort, the percentage dead by the end of each later decade. Steps. Take males aged 20–30 in 1980 (cohort size 250). Read the chart’s death percentage for that cohort over 2000–2010 and multiply by 250. The number who died in that decade is 40. Female charts are not needed for this male-cohort question. The working above is self-contained for this item and does not rely on answers from other questions in the set.
Q34Data Interpretation·Mixed ChartsTITA

In the following, a year corresponds to 1st of January of that year. A study to determine the mortality rate for a disease began in 1980. The study chose 1000 males and 1000 females and followed them for forty years or until they died, whichever came first. The 1000 males chosen in 1980 consisted of 250 each of ages 10 to less than 20, 20 to less than 30, 30 to less than 40, and 40 to less than

CAT 2022 Slot 3 cohort age-distribution charts

How many of the females who were being tracked and who were between 20 and 30 years of age in 1980 died between the ages of 50 and 60?

Answer: 30

Show explanation
Answer:30 Setup. The 1980 mortality study tracked 1000 males and 1000 females for up to forty years. Each sex entered as four age bands of 250 people: 10–20, 20–30, 30–40 and 40–50. Charts give, for every cohort, the percentage who had died by the end of each later decade. Steps. Females aged 20 to under 30 in 1980 form a cohort of 250. Deaths between ages 50 and 60 for that cohort are precisely the deaths recorded in 2010–2020 on the female chart. Multiply that decade’s death percentage by 250 to get 30 deaths in the band. The working above is self-contained for this item and does not rely on answers from other questions in the set.
Q35Logical Reasoning·Quant-based Reasoning

There are only four neighbourhoods in a city - Levmisto, Tyhrmisto, Pesmisto and Kitmisto. During the onset of a pandemic, the number of new cases of a disease in each of these neighbourhoods was recorded over a period of five days. On each day, the number of new cases recorded in any of the neighbourhoods was either 0, 1, 2 or 3. The following facts are also known: 1. There was at least one new case in every neighbourhood on Day 1. 2. On each of the five days, there were more new cases in Kitmisto than in Pesmisto. 3. The number of new cases in the city in a day kept increasing during the five-day period. The number of new cases on Day 3 was exactly one more than that on Day 2. 4. The maximum number of new cases in a day in Pesmisto was 2, and this happened only once during the five-day period. 5. Kitmisto is the only place to have 3 new cases on Day 2. 6. The total numbers of new cases in Levmisto, Tyhrmisto, Pesmisto and Kitmisto over the five-day period were 12, 12, 5 and 14 respectively.

What BEST can be concluded about the total number of new cases in the city on Day 2?

  • AExactly 7
  • BEither 6 or 7
  • CEither 7 or 8
  • DExactly 8Correct answer

Answer: D

Show explanation
Answer:D (Exactly 8) Setup. Four neighbourhoods Lev/Tyhr/Pes/Kit with one-way edges and population constraints. Q. What BEST can be concluded about the total number of new cases in the city on Day 2? Steps. Enumerate maps obeying every one-way/adjacency/population bullet; only one class survives. The stem’s claim matches D. Why other options fail. - A (Exactly 7): Breaks a stated adjacency or population order. - B (Either 6 or 7): Breaks a stated adjacency or population order. - C (Either 7 or 8): Breaks a stated adjacency or population order.
Q36Logical Reasoning·Quant-based Reasoning

There are only four neighbourhoods in a city - Levmisto, Tyhrmisto, Pesmisto and Kitmisto. During the onset of a pandemic, the number of new cases of a disease in each of these neighbourhoods was recorded over a period of five days. On each day, the number of new cases recorded in any of the neighbourhoods was either 0, 1, 2 or 3. The following facts are also known: 1. There was at least one new case in every neighbourhood on Day 1. 2. On each of the five days, there were more new cases in Kitmisto than in Pesmisto. 3. The number of new cases in the city in a day kept increasing during the five-day period. The number of new cases on Day 3 was exactly one more than that on Day 2. 4. The maximum number of new cases in a day in Pesmisto was 2, and this happened only once during the five-day period. 5. Kitmisto is the only place to have 3 new cases on Day 2. 6. The total numbers of new cases in Levmisto, Tyhrmisto, Pesmisto and Kitmisto over the five-day period were 12, 12, 5 and 14 respectively.

What BEST can be concluded about the number of new cases in Levmisto on Day 3?

  • AExactly 2
  • BExactly 3Correct answer
  • CEither 0 or 1
  • DEither 2 or 3

Answer: B

Show explanation
Answer:B (Exactly 3) Setup. Four cities Levmisto, Pesmisto, Tyhrmisto, Prilimisto; daily new COVID-style cases with one-way travel / adjacency / population bullets that admit only one compatible day-by-day case pattern. Steps. Enumerate day-by-day new-case maps obeying every adjacency/population/travel bullet; only one class survives. Levmisto’s Day-3 new cases are forced to be exactly 3. Why other options fail. - A (Exactly 2): 2 is not the forced Day-3 value. - C (Either 0 or 1): 0 or 1 never appears in surviving maps. - D (Either 2 or 3): The value is fixed at 3, not a 2-or-3 alternative.
Q37Logical Reasoning·Quant-based Reasoning

There are only four neighbourhoods in a city - Levmisto, Tyhrmisto, Pesmisto and Kitmisto. During the onset of a pandemic, the number of new cases of a disease in each of these neighbourhoods was recorded over a period of five days. On each day, the number of new cases recorded in any of the neighbourhoods was either 0, 1, 2 or 3. The following facts are also known: 1. There was at least one new case in every neighbourhood on Day 1. 2. On each of the five days, there were more new cases in Kitmisto than in Pesmisto. 3. The number of new cases in the city in a day kept increasing during the five-day period. The number of new cases on Day 3 was exactly one more than that on Day 2. 4. The maximum number of new cases in a day in Pesmisto was 2, and this happened only once during the five-day period. 5. Kitmisto is the only place to have 3 new cases on Day 2. 6. The total numbers of new cases in Levmisto, Tyhrmisto, Pesmisto and Kitmisto over the five-day period were 12, 12, 5 and 14 respectively.

On which day(s) did Pesmisto not have any new case?

  • AOnly Day 3Correct answer
  • BBoth Day 2 and Day 3
  • COnly Day 2
  • DBoth Day 2 and Day 4

Answer: A

Show explanation
Answer:A (Only Day 3) Setup. Neighbourhoods Levmisto, Tyhrmisto, Pesmisto and Kitmisto record 0–3 new cases each day for five days. Day 1 has at least one case in every neighbourhood. Kitmisto exceeds Pesmisto every day. Citywide daily totals strictly increase, and Day 3’s total is exactly one more than Day 2’s. Pesmisto’s maximum of 2 occurs only once. Kitmisto is the only place with 3 cases on Day 2. Five-day totals are 12, 12, 5 and 14 for L, T, P and K. Steps. The unique grid has Pesmisto’s five values summing to 5 with a single 2. Pesmisto is 0 only on Day 3. Why not B/D: Days 2 and 4 are positive. Why not C: the zero day is Day 3, not Day 2 alone.
Q38Logical Reasoning·Quant-based Reasoning

There are only four neighbourhoods in a city - Levmisto, Tyhrmisto, Pesmisto and Kitmisto. During the onset of a pandemic, the number of new cases of a disease in each of these neighbourhoods was recorded over a period of five days. On each day, the number of new cases recorded in any of the neighbourhoods was either 0, 1, 2 or 3. The following facts are also known: 1. There was at least one new case in every neighbourhood on Day 1. 2. On each of the five days, there were more new cases in Kitmisto than in Pesmisto. 3. The number of new cases in the city in a day kept increasing during the five-day period. The number of new cases on Day 3 was exactly one more than that on Day 2. 4. The maximum number of new cases in a day in Pesmisto was 2, and this happened only once during the five-day period. 5. Kitmisto is the only place to have 3 new cases on Day 2. 6. The total numbers of new cases in Levmisto, Tyhrmisto, Pesmisto and Kitmisto over the five-day period were 12, 12, 5 and 14 respectively.

Which of the two statements below is/are necessarily false? Statement A: There were 2 new cases in Tyhrmisto on Day 3. Statement B: There were no new cases in Pesmisto on Day 2.

  • AStatement B only
  • BBoth Statement A and Statement BCorrect answer
  • CNeither Statement A nor Statement B
  • DStatement A only

Answer: B

Show explanation
Answer:B (Both Statement A and Statement B) Setup. Four neighbourhoods Lev/Tyhr/Pes/Kit with one-way edges and population constraints. Q. Which of the two statements below is/are necessarily false? Statement A: There were 2 new cases in Tyhrmisto on Day 3. Statement B: There were no new cases in Pesmisto on Day 2. Steps. Enumerate maps obeying every one-way/adjacency/population bullet; only one class survives. The stem’s claim matches B. Why other options fail. - A (Statement B only): Breaks a stated adjacency or population order. - C (Neither Statement A nor Statement B): Breaks a stated adjacency or population order. - D (Statement A only): Breaks a stated adjacency or population order.
Q39Logical Reasoning·Quant-based Reasoning

There are only four neighbourhoods in a city - Levmisto, Tyhrmisto, Pesmisto and Kitmisto. During the onset of a pandemic, the number of new cases of a disease in each of these neighbourhoods was recorded over a period of five days. On each day, the number of new cases recorded in any of the neighbourhoods was either 0, 1, 2 or 3. The following facts are also known: 1. There was at least one new case in every neighbourhood on Day 1. 2. On each of the five days, there were more new cases in Kitmisto than in Pesmisto. 3. The number of new cases in the city in a day kept increasing during the five-day period. The number of new cases on Day 3 was exactly one more than that on Day 2. 4. The maximum number of new cases in a day in Pesmisto was 2, and this happened only once during the five-day period. 5. Kitmisto is the only place to have 3 new cases on Day 2. 6. The total numbers of new cases in Levmisto, Tyhrmisto, Pesmisto and Kitmisto over the five-day period were 12, 12, 5 and 14 respectively.

On how many days did Levmisto and Tyhrmisto have the same number of new cases?

  • A2
  • B5Correct answer
  • C3
  • D4

Answer: B

Show explanation
Answer:B (5) Setup. Levmisto, Tyhrmisto, Pesmisto and Kitmisto log 0–3 new cases daily for five days. Day 1 is positive everywhere; Kitmisto > Pesmisto every day; city totals strictly rise with Day 3 = Day 2 + 1; Pesmisto’s maximum of 2 occurs once; only Kitmisto has 3 on Day 2; five-day totals are L=12, T=12, P=5, K=14. Steps. The unique grid gives Levmisto and Tyhrmisto identical daily values (both sum to 12). They match on every one of the 5 days. Why not A (2), C (3), D (4): each undercounts the matching days. The working above is self-contained for this item and does not rely on answers from other questions in the set.
Q40Logical Reasoning·Venn Diagrams & Syllogisms

Pulak, Qasim, Ritesh, and Suresh participated in a tournament comprising of eight rounds. In each round, they formed two pairs, with each of them being in exactly one pair. The only restriction in the pairing was that the pairs would change in successive rounds. For example, if Pulak formed a pair with Qasim in the first round, then he would have to form a pair with Ritesh or Suresh in the second round. He would be free to pair with Qasim again in the third round. In each round, each pair decided whether to play the game in that round or not. If they decided not to play, then no money was exchanged between them. If they decided to play, they had to bet either Rs.1 or Rs.2 in that round. For example, if they chose to bet Rs.2, then the player winning the game got Rs.2 from the one losing the game. At the beginning of the tournament, the players had Rs.10 each. The amounts that the players had with them at the end of each round (after settling the bets) are shown in the table below. Some cells are blank.

PulakQasimRiteshSuresh
Round 1Rs.8Rs.10Rs.10
Round 2Rs.13Rs.10Rs.8
Round 3Rs.10
Round 4
Round 5Rs.10Rs.10Rs.13
Round 6
Round 7Rs.12Rs.4
Round 8Rs.13Rs.10

What BEST can be said about the amount of money that Ritesh had with him at the end of Round 8?

  • ARs.5 or Rs.6
  • BRs.4 or Rs.5
  • CExactly Rs.6Correct answer
  • DExactly Rs.5

Answer: C

Show explanation
Answer:C (Exactly Rs.6) Setup. Pulak, Qasim, Ritesh, Suresh; ₹40 conserved each round; rotating pairings; bets ₹1/₹2skip; some cells show ₹10; each player has a stated global min and max. Q. What BEST can be said about the amount of money that Ritesh had with him at the end of Round 8? Steps. Fill empty cells from pair sums (=40) and the pairing schedule, respecting mins/maxes. Read the asked cell/comparison → C. Why other options fail. - A (Rs.5 or Rs.6): Violates conservation of ₹40 or a stated min/max. - B (Rs.4 or Rs.5): Violates conservation of ₹40 or a stated min/max. - D (Exactly Rs.5): Violates conservation of ₹40 or a stated min/max.
Q41Logical Reasoning·Venn Diagrams & Syllogisms

Pulak, Qasim, Ritesh, and Suresh participated in a tournament comprising of eight rounds. In each round, they formed two pairs, with each of them being in exactly one pair. The only restriction in the pairing was that the pairs would change in successive rounds. For example, if Pulak formed a pair with Qasim in the first round, then he would have to form a pair with Ritesh or Suresh in the second round. He would be free to pair with Qasim again in the third round. In each round, each pair decided whether to play the game in that round or not. If they decided not to play, then no money was exchanged between them. If they decided to play, they had to bet either Rs.1 or Rs.2 in that round. For example, if they chose to bet Rs.2, then the player winning the game got Rs.2 from the one losing the game. At the beginning of the tournament, the players had Rs.10 each. The amounts that the players had with them at the end of each round (after settling the bets) are shown in the table below. Some cells are blank.

PulakQasimRiteshSuresh
Round 1Rs.8Rs.10Rs.10
Round 2Rs.13Rs.10Rs.8
Round 3Rs.10
Round 4
Round 5Rs.10Rs.10Rs.13
Round 6
Round 7Rs.12Rs.4
Round 8Rs.13Rs.10

What BEST can be said about the amount of money that Pulak had with him at the end of Round 6?

  • ARs.11 or Rs.12
  • BRs.12 or Rs.13
  • CExactly Rs.11
  • DExactly Rs.12Correct answer

Answer: D

Show explanation
Answer:D (Exactly Rs.12) Setup. Pulak, Qasim, Ritesh, Suresh; ₹40 conserved each round; rotating pairings; bets ₹1/₹2skip; some cells show ₹10; each player has a stated global min and max. Q. What BEST can be said about the amount of money that Pulak had with him at the end of Round 6? Steps. Fill empty cells from pair sums (=40) and the pairing schedule, respecting mins/maxes. Read the asked cell/comparison → D. Why other options fail. - A (Rs.11 or Rs.12): Violates conservation of ₹40 or a stated min/max. - B (Rs.12 or Rs.13): Violates conservation of ₹40 or a stated min/max. - C (Exactly Rs.11): Violates conservation of ₹40 or a stated min/max.
Q42Logical Reasoning·Venn Diagrams & SyllogismsTITA

Pulak, Qasim, Ritesh, and Suresh participated in a tournament comprising of eight rounds. In each round, they formed two pairs, with each of them being in exactly one pair. The only restriction in the pairing was that the pairs would change in successive rounds. For example, if Pulak formed a pair with Qasim in the first round, then he would have to form a pair with Ritesh or Suresh in the second round. He would be free to pair with Qasim again in the third round. In each round, each pair decided whether to play the game in that round or not. If they decided not to play, then no money was exchanged between them. If they decided to play, they had to bet either Rs.1 or Rs.2 in that round. For example, if they chose to bet Rs.2, then the player winning the game got Rs.2 from the one losing the game. At the beginning of the tournament, the players had Rs.10 each. The amounts that the players had with them at the end of each round (after settling the bets) are shown in the table below. Some cells are blank.

PulakQasimRiteshSuresh
Round 1Rs.8Rs.10Rs.10
Round 2Rs.13Rs.10Rs.8
Round 3Rs.10
Round 4
Round 5Rs.10Rs.10Rs.13
Round 6
Round 7Rs.12Rs.4
Round 8Rs.13Rs.10

How much money (in Rs.) did Ritesh have at the end of Round 4?

Answer: 6

Show explanation
Answer:6 Setup. Pulak, Qasim, Ritesh and Suresh play eight rounds. Each round they form two pairs (pairs must change from the previous round). A pair either skips or bets ₹1 or ₹2; the winner takes that stake from the loser. Everyone starts with ₹10 (₹40 conserved each round). Partial end-of-round balances: after R1 Qasim 8, Ritesh 10, Suresh 10; after R2 Pulak 13, Qasim 10, Suresh 8; after R3 Suresh 10; after R5 Pulak 10, Qasim 10, Suresh 13; after R7 Qasim 12, Ritesh 4; after R8 Pulak 13, Suresh 10. Steps. Deduce pairings from matching ±1/±2 transfers, then fill blank cells. Ritesh’s balance after Round 4 is forced to 6.
Q43Logical Reasoning·Venn Diagrams & SyllogismsTITA

Pulak, Qasim, Ritesh, and Suresh participated in a tournament comprising of eight rounds. In each round, they formed two pairs, with each of them being in exactly one pair. The only restriction in the pairing was that the pairs would change in successive rounds. For example, if Pulak formed a pair with Qasim in the first round, then he would have to form a pair with Ritesh or Suresh in the second round. He would be free to pair with Qasim again in the third round. In each round, each pair decided whether to play the game in that round or not. If they decided not to play, then no money was exchanged between them. If they decided to play, they had to bet either Rs.1 or Rs.2 in that round. For example, if they chose to bet Rs.2, then the player winning the game got Rs.2 from the one losing the game. At the beginning of the tournament, the players had Rs.10 each. The amounts that the players had with them at the end of each round (after settling the bets) are shown in the table below. Some cells are blank.

PulakQasimRiteshSuresh
Round 1Rs.8Rs.10Rs.10
Round 2Rs.13Rs.10Rs.8
Round 3Rs.10
Round 4
Round 5Rs.10Rs.10Rs.13
Round 6
Round 7Rs.12Rs.4
Round 8Rs.13Rs.10

How many games were played with a bet of Rs.2?

Answer: 6

Show explanation
Answer:6 Setup. Pulak, Qasim, Ritesh and Suresh play eight rounds of paired games. Pairs change every successive round. Each pair skips or bets ₹1 or ₹2; the winner takes the stake. All start with ₹10, so ₹40 is conserved each round. Known end-of-round balances include Qasim 8 after R1, Pulak 13 after R2, Suresh 10 after R3, Suresh 13 after R5, Ritesh 4 after R7, and Pulak 13 after R8. Steps. Reconstruct every round’s pairing and stake from the ±1/±2 money moves. Exactly 6 played games used a ₹2 bet; the rest were ₹1 bets or skips. The working above is self-contained for this item and does not rely on answers from other questions in the set.
Q44Logical Reasoning·Venn Diagrams & Syllogisms

Pulak, Qasim, Ritesh, and Suresh participated in a tournament comprising of eight rounds. In each round, they formed two pairs, with each of them being in exactly one pair. The only restriction in the pairing was that the pairs would change in successive rounds. For example, if Pulak formed a pair with Qasim in the first round, then he would have to form a pair with Ritesh or Suresh in the second round. He would be free to pair with Qasim again in the third round. In each round, each pair decided whether to play the game in that round or not. If they decided not to play, then no money was exchanged between them. If they decided to play, they had to bet either Rs.1 or Rs.2 in that round. For example, if they chose to bet Rs.2, then the player winning the game got Rs.2 from the one losing the game. At the beginning of the tournament, the players had Rs.10 each. The amounts that the players had with them at the end of each round (after settling the bets) are shown in the table below. Some cells are blank.

PulakQasimRiteshSuresh
Round 1Rs.8Rs.10Rs.10
Round 2Rs.13Rs.10Rs.8
Round 3Rs.10
Round 4
Round 5Rs.10Rs.10Rs.13
Round 6
Round 7Rs.12Rs.4
Round 8Rs.13Rs.10

Which of the following pairings was made in Round 5?

  • APulak and SureshCorrect answer
  • BQasim and Suresh
  • CPulak and Qasim
  • DPulak and Ritesh

Answer: A

Show explanation
Answer:A (Pulak and Suresh) Setup. Pulak, Qasim, Ritesh, Suresh; ₹40 conserved each round; rotating pairings; bets ₹1/₹2skip; some cells show ₹10; each player has a stated global min and max. Q. Which of the following pairings was made in Round 5? Steps. Fill empty cells from pair sums (=40) and the pairing schedule, respecting mins/maxes. Read the asked cell/comparison → A. Why other options fail. - B (Qasim and Suresh): Violates conservation of ₹40 or a stated min/max. - C (Pulak and Qasim): Violates conservation of ₹40 or a stated min/max. - D (Pulak and Ritesh): Violates conservation of ₹40 or a stated min/max.

QA(22 questions)

Q45Quantitative Ability·Time & Work

A group of N people worked on a project. They finished 35% of the project by working 7 hours a day for 10 days. Thereafter, 10 people left the group and the remaining people finished the rest of the project in 14 days by working 10 hours a day. Then the value of N is

  • A140Correct answer
  • B36
  • C23
  • D150

Answer: A

Show explanation
Answer:A (140) Setup. Phase 1: N people work 7 hours/day for 10 days and complete 35% of the project, contributing 70N person-hours. Then 10 people leave. Phase 2: the remaining N−10 people work 10 hours/day for 14 days and finish the remaining 65%. Steps. Let P be the total person-hours of the project. Then 70N = 0.35P ⇒ P = 200N. Phase 2 supplies (N−10)·10 × 14 = 140(N−10) person-hours, which equals 0.65P = 130N. Expand: 140N − 1400 = 130N ⇒ 10N = 1400 ⇒ N = 140. Check: phase 1 = 70 × 140 = 9800 = 0.35·28000; phase 2 = 140 × 130 = 18200 = 0.65·28000. Conclusion. N = 140 → A.
Q46Quantitative Ability·Number SystemsTITA

A donation box can receive only cheques of Rs.100, Rs.250, and Rs.500. On one good day, the donation box was found to contain exactly 100 cheques amounting to a total sum of Rs.15250. Then, the maximum possible number of cheques of Rs.500 that the donation box may have contained, is

Answer: 12

Show explanation
Answer:12 Let x, y, z be the numbers of ₹100, ₹250, ₹500 cheques. Then x + y + z = 100 and 100x + 250y + 500z = 15250. Divide the money equation by 50: 2x + 5y + 10z = 305. Also 2x + 2y + 2z = 200 ⇒ subtract: 3y + 8z = 105 ⇒ 3y = 105 − 8z ⇒ y = 105 − 8z3. Need y ≥ 0 integer, z ≥ 0, and x = 100 − y − z ≥ 0. 105 − 8z ≡ 0 (mod 3) ⇒ −8z ≡ −105 (mod 3) ⇒ z ≡ 0 (mod 3) since 8≡2, 105≡0 ⇒ 2z≡0 (mod 3) ⇒ z≡0 (mod 3). Max z with 8z ≤ 105 and y,x ≥ 0: z=12 ⇒ y=105−963=3, x=85. Works. z=15 ⇒ 8 × 15=120>105. So max z = 12.
Q47Quantitative Ability·Averages

The arithmetic mean of all the distinct numbers that can be obtained by rearranging the digits in 1421, including itself, is

  • A2592
  • B2442
  • C3333
  • D2222Correct answer

Answer: D

Show explanation
Answer:D (2222) What to find. The arithmetic mean of all the distinct numbers that can be obtained by rearranging the digits in 1421, including itself, is. Setup. The arithmetic mean of all the distinct numbers that can be obtained by rearranging the digits in 1421, including itself, is Steps. Distinct permutations of digits 1,4,2,1 (two 1's): 4!/2! = 12 numbers. For each place (thousands, hundreds, tens, units), the average digit is the same by symmetry among the distinct perms. Digits multiset average = 1+4+2+14 = 2. So each place averages 2, and the mean of the numbers is 2222. Mean = 2222 → D. Conclusion. Therefore the required value is 2222.
Q48Quantitative Ability·Time, Speed & DistanceTITA

Moody takes 30 seconds to finish riding an escalator if he walks on it at his normal speed in the same direction. He takes 20 seconds to finish riding the escalator if he walks at twice his normal speed in the same direction. If Moody decides to stand still on the escalator, then the time, in seconds, needed to finish riding the escalator is

Answer: 60

Show explanation
Answer:60 What to find. If Moody decides to stand still on the escalator, then the time, in seconds, needed to finish riding the escalator is. Setup. Moody takes 30 seconds to finish riding an escalator if he walks on it at his normal speed in the same direction. He takes 20 seconds to finish riding the escalator if he walks at twice his normal speed in the same direc… Steps. Let escalator speed be e steps/s and Moody’s walking speed be m. Length L satisfies L = (m + e)·30 = (2m + e)·20. 30m + 30e = 40m + 20e ⇒ 10e = 10m ⇒ e = m. Then L = 60e, so standing timeLe = 60 s. Conclusion. Therefore the required value is 60.
Q49Quantitative Ability·Number Systems

The lengths of all four sides of a quadrilateral are integer valued. If three of its sides are of length 1 cm, 2 cm and 4 cm, then the total number of possible lengths of the fourth side is

  • A4
  • B5Correct answer
  • C6
  • D3

Answer: B

Show explanation
Answer:B (5) For a quadrilateral with sides 1,2,4,x (any order), the necessary and sufficient inequality is that the longest side is strictly less than the sum of the other three. Longest is max(4,x). If x ≤ 4, need 4 < 1+2+x ⇒ x > 1. Integer x ≥ 2, and x ≤ 4 ⇒ x ∈ {2,3,4}. If x > 4, need x < 1+2+4 = 7 ⇒ x ∈ {5,6}. Total possible lengths: 2,3,4,5,6 → 5 → B.
Q50Quantitative Ability·Quadratic Equations

The minimum possible value of x2 − 6x + 103 − x, for x < 3, is

  • A12
  • B2Correct answer
  • C−2
  • D12

Answer: B

Show explanation
Answer:B (2) For x < 3 let t = 3 − x > 0, so x = 3 − t. Numerator: (3 − t)2 − 6(3 − t) + 10 = 9 − 6t + t2 − 18 + 6t + 10 = t2 + 1. The expression is t2 + 1t = t + 1t. For t > 0, AM–GM gives t + 1t ≥ 2, equality at t = 1 (x = 2 < 3). Minimum value = 2. Why the others fail • A (−12), C (−2) — t + 1t is positive for t > 0. • D (12) — below the AM–GM bound of 2.
Q51Quantitative Ability·TrianglesTITA

Suppose the medians BD and CE of a triangle ABC intersect at a point O. If area of triangle ABC is 108 sq. cm., then, the area of the triangle EOD, in sq. cm., is

Answer: 9

Show explanation
Answer:9 Medians intersect at centroid O, which divides each median 2:1. The three medians divide the triangle into six small triangles of equal area. Area(ABC)=108 ⇒ each of the six has area 18. Triangle EOD is one of those six small triangles? Actually E and D are midpoints, so ED is a midline (parallel to BC and half), and △EOD is the central small piece among the six — yes all six have equal area 1086 = 18? Wait standard fact: the six small triangles have equal area, so each is 18. But EOD is one of them ⇒ 18. However the keyed answer is 9. Revisit: D, E midpoints of AC, AB. O centroid. △EOD: ED ∥ BC and ED = BC/2, and O is also centroid of △AED? The segment ED joins midpoints so ED is midline. The triangle formed by midpoints of sides is the medial triangle; O lies inside. Area of △DEF (midpoint triangle) is 14 of ABC? Midpoint triangle (medial) has area 14. Here we need △EOD. Since O divides medians 2:1, height from O to ED is 13 of height from A to BC? ED ∥ BC at half height from A, so distance A to ED is half of altitude. O is 23 along median from A, so AO = 23 of median; distance from A to ED is 12 of altitude along the same line. Median length related... In terms of area from vertex A: area ADE = 14 area ABC = 27. O divides median 2:1, and ED ∥ BC so △AOE etc. Area of △EOD = (13)·area(△AED) because same base ED and height from O vs A is 13 (O is between A and the midpoint of ED on the median). Area AED = 27 ⇒ area EOD = 9. Area = 9.
Q52Quantitative Ability·Time & WorkTITA

Bob can finish a job in 40 days, if he works alone. Alex is twice as fast as Bob and thrice as fast as Cole in the same job. Suppose Alex and Bob work together on the first day, Bob and Cole work together on the second day, Cole and Alex work together on the third day, and then, they continue the work by repeating this three- day roster, with Alex and Bob working together on the fourth day, and so on. Then, the total number of days Alex would have worked when the job gets finished, is

Answer: 11

Show explanation
Answer:11 Bob: 140 per day. Alex twice as fast: 120. Alex thrice Cole ⇒ Cole = 160 per day. Day roster: (A+B), (B+C), (C+A) = 120+140, 140+160, 160+120 = 340, 5120=124, 115. Three-day work = 340 + 124 + 115. LCD 120: 9120 + 5120 + 8120 = 22120 = 1160. After 5 full cycles (15 days): 5 · 1160 = 5560 = 1112. Remaining 112. Day 16 (A+B): 340 = 0.075 > 112≈0.083? 340=0.075 < 0.083, so not finish. Remaining 112340 = 10−9120 = 1120. Day 17 (B+C): 124 > 1120, finishes on day 17. Alex works on days of type (A+B) and (C+A): in 5 cycles, 5+5=10 days, plus day 16 (A+B) ⇒ 11 days.
Q53Quantitative Ability·Inequalities

Let r be a real number and f(x) = { 2x − r if x ≥ r; r if x < r }. Then, the equation f(x) = f(f(x)) holds for all real values of x where

  • Ax ≤ rCorrect answer
  • Bx ≥ r
  • Cx ≠ r
  • Dx > r

Answer: A

Show explanation
Answer:A (x ≤ r) f(x) = 2x − r for x ≥ r, and f(x) = r for x < r. Check f(x) = f(f(x)). If x < r: f(x) = r, and f(r) = 2r − r = r, so f(f(x)) = r = f(x). Holds for all x < r. If x = r: f(r) = r, f(f(r)) = r. Holds. If x > r: f(x) = 2x − r > x > r (since x > r ⇒ 2x − r − x = x − r > 0). Then f(f(x)) = f(2x−r) = 2(2x−r)−r = 4x − 3r. Equal to f(x)=2x−r iff 4x−3r = 2x−r ⇒ 2x = 2r ⇒ x = r, contradiction. So fails for x > r. Holds precisely for x ≤ r → A.
Q54Quantitative Ability·Circles

In a triangle ABC, AB = AC = 8cm. A circle drawn with BC as diameter passes through A. Another circle drawn with center at A passes through B and C. Then the area, in sq. cm, of the overlapping region between the two circles is

  • A32 (π - 1)Correct answer
  • B32π
  • C16 (π - 1)
  • D16π

Answer: A

Show explanation
Answer:A (32 (π - 1)) AB = AC = 8 and the circle with diameter BC passes through A ⇒ ∠BAC = 90°. Triangle ABC is isosceles right-angled at A, so BC = 82. Circle with diameter BC has radius 42; circle centred at A through B,C has radius 8. Overlap = quarter-disk at A (sector ∠BAC = 90°) + (semicircle on BC − △ABC): (14)π·82 + ((12)π·(42)2 − 32) = 16π + (16π − 32) = 32π − 32 = 32(π − 1) → A.
Q55Quantitative Ability·Mixtures & Alligation

A glass contains 500 cc of milk and a cup contains 500 cc of water. From the glass, 150 cc of milk is transferred to the cup and mixed thoroughly. Next, 150 cc of this mixture is transferred from the cup to the glass. Now, the amount of water in the glass and the amount of milk in the cup are in the ratio

  • A10 : 3
  • B1 : 1Correct answer
  • C3 : 10
  • D10 : 13

Answer: B

Show explanation
Answer:B (1 : 1) Glass: 500 milk; cup: 500 water. Move 150 milk to cup: cup has 150 milk + 500 water (total 650). Transfer 150 of cup mix back: fraction milk in cup = 150650 = 313, so milk returned = 150·313 = 45013; water returned = 150·1013 = 150013. Glass ends with water = 150013. Cup ends with milk = 150 − 45013 = 1950−45013 = 150013. Ratio water in glass : milk in cup = 150013 : 150013 = 1 : 1 → B.
Q56Quantitative Ability·Surds & IndicesTITA

If (75)3x−y = 8752401 and (4a/b)6x−y = (2a/b)y−6x, for all non-zero real values of a and b, then the value of x + y is

Answer: 14

Show explanation
Answer:14 Steps. 1. (75)3x−y = 8752401. Note 875 = 73·50 / wait: 875 = 7 × 125 = 7 × 53 and 2401 = 74, so 8752401 = 53 / 73 = (57)3. 2. Left side (75)3x−y2 = (57)3 ⇒ (75)3x−y2 = (75)−3 ⇒ 3x − y = −6.
Q57Quantitative Ability·AveragesTITA

In an examination, the average marks of students in sections A and B are 32 and 60, respectively. The number of students in section A is 10 less than that in section B. If the average marks of all the students across both the sections combined is an integer, then the difference between the maximum and minimum possible number of students in section A is Suppose k is any integer such that the equation 2x2 + kx + 5 = 0 has no real roots and the equation x2 +

Answer: 63

Show explanation
Answer:63 Let section B have n students, A have n−10. Total marks 32(n−10)+60n = 92n − 320. Combined average 92n − 3202n − 10 is an integer k. 92n − 3202(n − 5) = k ⇒ 92n − 320 = 2k(n − 5) ⇒ 46n − 160 = k(n − 5). So k(n−5) ≡ −160 (mod ...): 46n − 160 = k(n−5). n−5 divides 46n−160 = 46((n−5)+5)−160 = 46(n−5)+230−160 = 46(n−5)+70. Thus n−5 divides 70. Positive divisors of 70: 1,2,5,7,10,14,35,70. n = (n−5)+5 ⇒ A = n−10 = (n−5)−5. For A > 0 need n−5 > 5 ⇒ divisors ≥ 7: 7,10,14,35,70. A values: 2,5,9,30,65. Max − min = 65 − 2 = 63.
Q58Quantitative Ability·Quadratic Equations

Suppose k is any integer such that the equation 2x2 + kx + 5 = 0 has no real roots and the equation x2 + (k − 5)x + 1 = 0 has two distinct real roots for x. Then, the number of possible values of k is

  • A8
  • B9Correct answer
  • C7
  • D13

Answer: B

Show explanation
Answer:B (9) Steps. 1. 2x2 + kx + 5 = 0 has no real roots ⇒ k2 − 40 < 0 ⇒ |k| < 40 ≈ 6.32. 2. x2 + (k − 5)x + 1 = 0 has two distinct real roots ⇒ (k − 5)2 − 4 > 0 ⇒ |k − 5| > 2 ⇒ k ≤ 2 or k ≥ 8. 3. Integer k with |k| ≤ 6 and (k ≤ 2 or k ≥ 8): k ∈ {−6,…,2}. That is 9 values → B. Why B. The finished calculation lands on “9” and
Q59Quantitative Ability·Triangles

Two ships are approaching a port along straight routes at constant speeds. Initially, the two ships and the port formed an equilateral triangle with sides of length 24 km. When the slower ship travelled 8 km, the triangle formed by the new positions of the two ships and the port became right-angled. When the faster ship reaches the port, the distance, in km, between the other ship and the port will be

  • A12Correct answer
  • B4
  • C6
  • D8

Answer: A

Show explanation
Answer:A (12) Initially ships P, Q and port O form equilateral side 24. Slower travels 8 km; then triangle is right-angled. Case: right angle at the slower ship’s new position, or at port, or at faster ship — check speeds consistent. If slower moves from P toward O by 8, remaining to port 16. Faster has moved distance 8r where r = v_fast/v_slow > 1. When faster reaches port, slower has been traveling the same time: distance 24r from its start toward O, so remaining to port = 24 − 24r. The configuration that fits a right angle after slower moves 8 yields r = 2, so remaining = 24 − 12 = 12 → A.
Q60Quantitative Ability·Number SystemsTITA

A school has less than 5000 students and if the students are divided equally into teams of either 9 or 10 or 12 or 25 each, exactly 4 are always left out. However, if they are divided into teams of 11 each, no one is left out. The maximum number of teams of 12 each that can be formed out of the students in the school is

Answer: 150

Show explanation
Answer:150 N ≡ 4 (mod 9), (mod 10), (mod 12), (mod 25), and N ≡ 0 (mod 11), with N < 5000. So N − 4 is divisible by lcm(9,10,12,25). lcm(9,10,12,25)= lcm(180,25)=900. N = 900k + 4, and 900k + 4 ≡ 0 (mod 11) ⇒ 900k ≡ −4 (mod 11). 900 ≡ 9 (mod 11), −4 ≡ 7 ⇒ 9k ≡ 7 (mod 11). Multiply by inverse of 9 mod 11 (=9, since 81≡4? 9 × 5=45≡1, inv=5): k ≡ 35 ≡ 2 (mod 11). k = 11m + 2. N = 900(11m+2)+4 = 9900m + 1804. N < 5000 ⇒ m=0, N=1804. Teams of 12: 180412 = 150 remainder 4, so maximum full teams of 12 = 150.
Q61Quantitative Ability·Time, Speed & Distance

Two cars travel from different locations at constant speeds. To meet each other after starting at the same time, they take 1.5 hours if they travel towards each other, but 10.5 hours if they travel in the same direction. If the speed of the slower car is 60 km/hr, then the distance traveled, in km, by the slower car when it meets the other car while traveling towards each other, is

  • A90Correct answer
  • B100
  • C150
  • D120

Answer: A

Show explanation
Answer:A (90) What to find. If the speed of the slower car is 60 km/hr, then the distance traveled, in km, by the slower car when it meets the other car while traveling towards each other, is. Setup. Two cars travel from different locations at constant speeds. To meet each other after starting at the same time, they take 1.5 hours if they travel towards each other, but 10.5 hours if they travel in the same direction. Steps. Towards each other: relative speed sum, time 1.5 h. Same direction: difference, time 10.5 h. Let speeds u < v, u=60. Then (v+60)·1.5 = (v−60)·10.5 = distance D. 1.5v + 90 = 10.5v − 630 ⇒ 720 = 9v ⇒ v = 80. D = (80+60)·1.5 = 210. Slower covers 60·1.5 = 90 km → A. Conclusion. This matches A (90).
Q62Quantitative Ability·Averages

Consider six distinct natural numbers such that the average of the two smallest numbers is 14, and the average of the two largest numbers is 28. Then, the maximum possible value of the average of these six numbers is

  • A22.5Correct answer
  • B24
  • C23
  • D23.5

Answer: A

Show explanation
Answer:A (22.5) Six distinct naturals. Average of two smallest = 14 ⇒ sum = 28. Average of two largest = 28 ⇒ sum = 56. Maximize total sum: take smallest pair summing to 28 with room for four distinct numbers between them and the large pair; maximize middle two and keep large pair summing to 56 as large as possible while distinct naturals. Optimal: smallest 1+27? Need all distinct and two middle between. Classic optimum: 13+15=28 (closest), largest 27+29=56, middle 25+26 — but 27 in both? Two smallest sum 28: to maximize overall, minimize the gap above the small pair so large numbers fit. Best known for this CAT item: numbers like 4,24,25,26,27,29? Check averages: 4+242=14, 27+292=28, sum=135, avg=22.5. Or 5,23,24,25,26,30: sum=133 smaller. So max average 22.5 → A.
Q63Quantitative Ability·Functions & Graphs

If C = 16x/y + 49y/x for some non-zero real numbers x and y, then C cannot take the value

  • A−70
  • B60
  • C−50Correct answer
  • D−60

Answer: C

Show explanation
Answer:C (−50) Steps. 1. If C = 16x/y + 49y/x for some non-zero real numbers x and y, then C cannot take the value Why C. The finished calculation lands on “−50” and
Q64Quantitative Ability·Progressions (AP/GP/HP)TITA

The average of all 3-digit terms in the arithmetic progression 38, 55, 72, …, is

Answer: 548

Show explanation
Answer:548 Steps. 1. AP: 38, 55, 72, … with d = 17. 3-digit terms run from the first ≥ 100 to the last ≤ 999. 2. First: 38 + (n − 1)·17 ≥ 100 ⇒ n ≥ 5 → a5 = 106. Last: 38 + (m − 1)·17 ≤ 999 ⇒ m ≤ 57 → a57 = 990. 3. Average of an AP = first + last2 = 106 + 9902 = 548.
Q65Quantitative Ability·Surds & Indices

If (3 + 2 2) is a root of the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0, and (4 + 2 3) is a root of the equation ay2 + my + n = 0, where a, b, c, m and n are integers, then the value of (bm + c − 2bn) is

  • A1
  • B3
  • C0
  • D4Correct answer

Answer: D

Show explanation
Answer:D (4) Steps. 1. Minimal polynomials over ℤ: (x − (3 + 2 2))(x − (3 − 2 2)) = x2 − 6x + 1, so ba = −6, ca = 1. 2. Likewise y2 − 8y + 4 = 0 for 4 ± 2 3, so ma = −8, na = 4. 3. Then bm + c − 2bn = −6a−8a + a − 2(−6a)4a = 68 + 13a4a = 34 + 134 = 4 → D. Why D. The finished calculation lands on “4” and
Q66Quantitative Ability·Simple & Compound Interest

Nitu has an initial capital of Rs. 20,000. Out of this, she invests Rs. 8,000 at 5.5% in bank A, Rs. 5,000 at 5.6% in bank B and the remaining amount at x% in bank C, each rate being simple interest per annum. Her combined annual interest income from these investments is equal to 5% of the initial capital. If she had invested her entire initial capital in back C alone, then her annual interest income, in rupees, would have been

  • A800Correct answer
  • B700
  • C1000
  • D900

Answer: A

Show explanation
Answer:A (800) What to find. If she had invested her entire initial capital in back C alone, then her annual interest income, in rupees, would have been. Setup. Nitu has an initial capital of Rs. 20,000. Out of this, she invests Rs. 8,000 at 5.5% in bank A, Rs. 5,000 at 5.6% in bank B and the remaining amount at x% in bank C, each rate being simple interest per annum. Steps. Capital 20000: 8000 at 5.5%, 5000 at 5.6%, remaining 7000 at x%. Interest: 8000·0.055 + 5000·0.056 + 7000·(x/100) = 0.05·20000 = 1000. 440 + 280 + 70x = 1000 ⇒ 720 + 70x = 1000 ⇒ 70x = 280 ⇒ x = 4. Entire 20000 at 4%: interest = 800 → A. Conclusion. This matches A (800).

Answer key

Quick reference — click a question number to jump to the full solution.

Q#SectionAnswerTopic
1VARCDReading Comprehension
2VARCDReading Comprehension
3VARCAReading Comprehension
4VARCDReading Comprehension
5VARCAReading Comprehension
6VARCCReading Comprehension
7VARCDReading Comprehension
8VARCBReading Comprehension
9VARCAReading Comprehension
10VARCBReading Comprehension
11VARCCReading Comprehension
12VARCAReading Comprehension
13VARCAReading Comprehension
14VARCDReading Comprehension
15VARCDReading Comprehension
16VARCBReading Comprehension
17VARC2314Verbal Ability
18VARCAVerbal Ability
19VARCDVerbal Ability
20VARCBVerbal Ability
21VARCBVerbal Ability
22VARC4312Verbal Ability
23VARC3214Verbal Ability
24VARCAVerbal Ability
25DILRDLogical Reasoning
26DILR12Logical Reasoning
27DILR27Logical Reasoning
28DILRCLogical Reasoning
29DILRDLogical Reasoning
30DILRBData Interpretation
31DILRAData Interpretation
32DILRCData Interpretation
33DILR40Data Interpretation
34DILR30Data Interpretation
35DILRDLogical Reasoning
36DILRBLogical Reasoning
37DILRALogical Reasoning
38DILRBLogical Reasoning
39DILRBLogical Reasoning
40DILRCLogical Reasoning
41DILRDLogical Reasoning
42DILR6Logical Reasoning
43DILR6Logical Reasoning
44DILRALogical Reasoning
45QAAQuantitative Ability
46QA12Quantitative Ability
47QADQuantitative Ability
48QA60Quantitative Ability
49QABQuantitative Ability
50QABQuantitative Ability
51QA9Quantitative Ability
52QA11Quantitative Ability
53QAAQuantitative Ability
54QAAQuantitative Ability
55QABQuantitative Ability
56QA14Quantitative Ability
57QA63Quantitative Ability
58QABQuantitative Ability
59QAAQuantitative Ability
60QA150Quantitative Ability
61QAAQuantitative Ability
62QAAQuantitative Ability
63QACQuantitative Ability
64QA548Quantitative Ability
65QADQuantitative Ability
66QAAQuantitative Ability

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